Batch 2: Ayub Khan Era (1958–1969)
1. Who imposed Pakistan’s first Martial Law in 1958?
(A) Iskander Mirza
(B) Ayub Khan
(C) Yahya Khan
(D) Ghulam Muhammad
✅ Correct Answer: A. Iskander Mirza
🔹 Explanation: On 7 October 1958, President Iskander Mirza abrogated the 1956 Constitution and declared Martial Law, appointing General Ayub Khan as Chief Martial Law Administrator.
2. Who removed Iskander Mirza and took full control in 1958?
(A) Yahya Khan
(B) Ghulam Muhammad
(C) Ayub Khan
(D) Liaquat Ali Khan
✅ Correct Answer: C. Ayub Khan
🔹 Explanation: Within weeks, General Ayub Khan ousted Iskander Mirza on 27 October 1958, becoming Pakistan’s first Military ruler.
3. Which constitution was introduced by Ayub Khan?
(A) 1956 Constitution
(B) 1962 Constitution
(C) 1973 Constitution
(D) None of these
✅ Correct Answer: B. 1962 Constitution
🔹 Explanation: The Constitution of 1962 replaced the abrogated 1956 Constitution. It introduced a Presidential system with strong executive powers.
4. What was the system of local government introduced by Ayub Khan?
(A) Panchayat System
(B) Basic Democracies
(C) Local Bodies System
(D) Provincial Autonomy
✅ Correct Answer: B. Basic Democracies
🔹 Explanation: In 1959, Ayub Khan introduced the Basic Democracies system, under which 80,000 elected representatives indirectly elected the President and assemblies.
5. When was the capital of Pakistan shifted from Karachi to Islamabad?
(A) 1959
(B) 1960
(C) 1963
(D) 1967
✅ Correct Answer: B. 1960
🔹 Explanation: In 1960, Ayub Khan shifted Pakistan’s capital from Karachi to Islamabad for strategic, administrative, and security reasons.
6. Who was Pakistan’s first elected President under the 1962 Constitution?
(A) Iskander Mirza
(B) Ayub Khan
(C) Yahya Khan
(D) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
✅ Correct Answer: B. Ayub Khan
🔹 Explanation: Under the 1962 Constitution, Ayub Khan became the first elected President through the Basic Democracies system.
7. The Indus Waters Treaty was signed in:
(A) 1959
(B) 1960
(C) 1962
(D) 1965
✅ Correct Answer: B. 1960
🔹 Explanation: The Indus Waters Treaty was signed in 1960 between Pakistan and India with the World Bank’s mediation, dividing control over six rivers.
8. Who represented India in the Indus Waters Treaty?
(A) Pandit Nehru
(B) Lal Bahadur Shastri
(C) Indira Gandhi
(D) Rajiv Gandhi
✅ Correct Answer: A. Pandit Nehru
🔹 Explanation: Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru signed the Indus Waters Treaty alongside Pakistan’s President Ayub Khan in 1960.
9. When was Pakistan’s Planning Commission established?
(A) 1955
(B) 1958
(C) 1960
(D) 1962
✅ Correct Answer: C. 1960
🔹 Explanation: The Planning Commission was formally established in 1960 under Ayub Khan to manage Pakistan’s economic planning and development programs.
10. Which agreement ended the 1965 Indo-Pak War?
(A) Simla Agreement
(B) Tashkent Agreement
(C) Delhi Pact
(D) None of these
✅ Correct Answer: B. Tashkent Agreement
🔹 Explanation: The Tashkent Agreement was signed on 10 January 1966 under Soviet mediation, ending the 1965 war between India and Pakistan.
11. Who represented Pakistan in the Tashkent Agreement?
(A) Ayub Khan
(B) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
(C) Yahya Khan
(D) Iskander Mirza
✅ Correct Answer: A. Ayub Khan
🔹 Explanation: President Ayub Khan signed the Tashkent Agreement with Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri, leading to strong political opposition at home.
12. The term “Decade of Development” refers to which period?
(A) 1947–1957
(B) 1958–1968
(C) 1960–1970
(D) 1962–1972
✅ Correct Answer: B. 1958–1968
🔹 Explanation: Ayub Khan declared 1958–1968 as the Decade of Development, claiming major progress in industry, agriculture, and infrastructure.
13. Which new province was created in 1969 by separating tribal areas?
(A) Gilgit-Baltistan
(B) North-West Frontier Province
(C) Balochistan
(D) None of these
✅ Correct Answer: C. Balochistan
🔹 Explanation: In 1969, Ayub Khan separated Balochistan from other administrative divisions, giving it provincial status.
14. Who resigned from Ayub Khan’s cabinet in protest against the Tashkent Agreement?
(A) Ayub Khan
(B) Yahya Khan
(C) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
(D) Khawaja Nazimuddin
✅ Correct Answer: C. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
🔹 Explanation: Foreign Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto resigned after the Tashkent Agreement, later becoming a popular opposition leader.
15. Which dam was constructed during Ayub Khan’s era?
(A) Warsak Dam
(B) Mangla Dam
(C) Tarbela Dam
(D) All of these
✅ Correct Answer: B. Mangla Dam
🔹 Explanation: The Mangla Dam was completed in 1967 as part of water projects under the Indus Waters Treaty.
16. Which country was Pakistan’s closest ally during Ayub Khan’s regime?
(A) USA
(B) China
(C) USSR
(D) Saudi Arabia
✅ Correct Answer: A. USA
🔹 Explanation: Pakistan established strong military and economic ties with the United States under Ayub Khan, joining SEATO and CENTO.
17. The student movement against Ayub Khan began in:
(A) 1962
(B) 1965
(C) 1967
(D) 1968
✅ Correct Answer: D. 1968
🔹 Explanation: The student protests of 1968 rapidly spread into a nationwide movement, demanding Ayub Khan’s resignation.
18. When did Ayub Khan resign?
(A) 1967
(B) 1968
(C) 1969
(D) 1970
✅ Correct Answer: C. 1969
🔹 Explanation: On 25 March 1969, Ayub Khan resigned and handed power to General Yahya Khan, ending his 11-year rule.
19. Which war took place during Ayub Khan’s regime?
(A) 1948
(B) 1965
(C) 1971
(D) None of these
✅ Correct Answer: B. 1965
🔹 Explanation: The Second Indo-Pak War (1965) occurred during Ayub Khan’s presidency over the Kashmir issue.
20. What system replaced the parliamentary system in the 1962 Constitution?
(A) Presidential System
(B) Semi-Presidential System
(C) Military-led Cabinet
(D) None of these
✅ Correct Answer: A. Presidential System
🔹 Explanation: The 1962 Constitution introduced a Presidential system, concentrating power in the President rather than the Prime Minister.