🌲Forestry MCQs
Prepare for forestry exams and enhance your knowledge with 120+ multiple-choice questions covering basics of forestry, forest types, sustainable management, and climate change. Each MCQ comes with detailed explanations to help students, professionals, and forestry enthusiasts learn effectively.
📌 Section 1: Basics of Forestry
1. The word Forestry refers to?
(A) Science and art of growing trees only
(B) Management of forests for sustainable use
(C) Commercial timber harvesting
(D) Planting trees in urban areas
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Forestry is the science and art of managing forests for wood, fuel, biodiversity, climate regulation, and community benefits.
2. Who is known as the “Father of Forestry” in the world?
(A) Gifford Pinchot
(B) Dietrich Brandis
(C) Carl Linnaeus
(D) Sir Baden-Powell
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Dietrich Brandis, a German forester, introduced systematic forestry in India and is regarded as the Father of Forestry in South Asia.
3. Forestry is closely related to which branch of science?
(A) Zoology
(B) Botany
(C) Geology
(D) Anthropology
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Forestry is rooted in Botany because it focuses on plants, trees, vegetation, and ecosystems.
4. The first Forestry School in the Indian subcontinent was established at?
(A) Lahore
(B) Dehradun
(C) Peshawar
(D) Karachi
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Imperial Forest School Dehradun (1878) was set up during British India to train foresters.
5. Which of the following is NOT an objective of forestry?
(A) Soil conservation
(B) Desertification
(C) Timber supply
(D) Biodiversity maintenance
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Forestry works to prevent desertification rather than promote it.
6. The term “Silviculture” refers to?
(A) Study of wild animals
(B) Growing and managing forests
(C) Cultivation of cereals
(D) Study of climate change
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Silviculture is the branch of forestry that deals with the establishment, growth, and harvesting of forest crops.
7. In Pakistan, forests cover approximately what percentage of total land (2024)?
(A) 2%
(B) 4.8%
(C) 6.1%
(D) 10%
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Pakistan’s forest cover is around 6.1% according to FAO reports.
8. Which is the largest man-made forest in Pakistan?
(A) Changa Manga
(B) Ziarat Juniper Forest
(C) Mangrove Forests
(D) Murree Pine Forest
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Changa Manga (Punjab) is one of the largest man-made forests in the world.
9. The lungs of the Earth are?
(A) Mountains
(B) Forests
(C) Oceans
(D) Wetlands
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Forests absorb CO₂ and release O₂, acting like Earth’s lungs.
10. Which of the following is a natural forest in Pakistan?
(A) Changa Manga
(B) Ziarat Juniper Forest
(C) Chichawatni Plantation
(D) None of these
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Ziarat Juniper Forest (Balochistan) is one of the oldest natural forests in the world.
📌 Section 2: Forest Classification
11. Which forest type dominates Northern Pakistan?
(A) Mangrove forests
(B) Coniferous forests
(C) Tropical thorn forests
(D) Alpine scrub
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Northern areas like Swat, Dir, and Gilgit have coniferous forests dominated by pine, spruce, and fir.
12. Mangrove forests in Pakistan are mainly found in?
(A) Punjab
(B) Sindh
(C) Balochistan
(D) KPK
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Mangrove forests are mainly found in the Indus Delta near Karachi and Thatta, Sindh.
13. The tropical thorn forests in Pakistan are located in?
(A) Punjab and Sindh plains
(B) Balochistan highlands
(C) KPK valleys
(D) Gilgit-Baltistan
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Tropical thorn forests exist in arid plains of Punjab and Sindh.
14. The Himalayan moist temperate forests are rich in?
(A) Pine and fir
(B) Acacia and thorn
(C) Mangrove species
(D) Juniper trees
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: These forests are dominated by Deodar, Fir, and Blue Pine.
15. The “Alpine forests” are mainly found in?
(A) Punjab
(B) Gilgit-Baltistan
(C) Sindh
(D) Balochistan
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Alpine scrub forests occur in Gilgit-Baltistan’s high mountains above 3,000 meters.
📌 Section 3: Forest Management & Policy
16. Sustainable yield means?
(A) Cutting trees as fast as possible
(B) Harvesting less than natural growth
(C) Harvesting equal to natural growth
(D) Planting but no harvesting
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Sustainable yield ensures forests can regenerate while meeting human demand.
17. Who introduced the first Forest Policy in Pakistan?
(A) Ayub Khan
(B) Liaquat Ali Khan
(C) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
(D) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: The first formal Forest Policy was introduced during Ayub Khan’s government in 1962.
18. The 1991 Forest Policy of Pakistan emphasized?
(A) Timber export only
(B) Community participation
(C) Ban on plantations
(D) Ignoring climate concerns
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: The 1991 policy promoted social forestry and community participation.
19. REDD+ in forestry refers to?
(A) A disease in plants
(B) UN program to reduce deforestation
(C) Timber grading system
(D) Soil conservation method
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: REDD+ is a UN initiative to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation.
20. Pakistan’s Billion Tree Tsunami project started in?
(A) 2010
(B) 2014
(C) 2016
(D) 2018
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: The Billion Tree Tsunami was launched by KPK Government in 2014.
📌 Section 4: Role of Forests in Environment & Economy
21. Forests act as a major sink for which greenhouse gas?
(A) Oxygen
(B) Methane
(C) Carbon dioxide
(D) Nitrogen
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Trees absorb CO₂ during photosynthesis, helping reduce global warming.
22. Which of the following is NOT a function of forests?
(A) Soil erosion control
(B) Increase in rainfall
(C) Desert expansion
(D) Biodiversity conservation
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Forests prevent desertification rather than cause it.
23. Which forest provides natural habitat for endangered species like Indus Dolphin?
(A) Changa Manga Forest
(B) Mangrove Forests
(C) Himalayan Coniferous Forests
(D) Ziarat Juniper Forest
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Mangroves provide nursery grounds and habitats for dolphins, birds, and fish.
24. Which province of Pakistan has the largest share of natural forests?
(A) Punjab
(B) Sindh
(C) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
(D) Balochistan
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Around 40% of Pakistan’s forests are located in KPK, mainly coniferous.
25. Which forest product is NOT categorized as Non-Timber Forest Product (NTFP)?
(A) Honey
(B) Gum
(C) Timber
(D) Medicinal plants
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Timber is the primary forest product, whereas honey, resin, and medicinal plants are NTFPs.
26. Which project was launched by Pakistan in collaboration with the UN to restore degraded land?
(A) Green Pakistan Program
(B) REDD+ Pakistan
(C) National Afforestation Program
(D) One Student, One Tree Campaign
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: REDD+ is a UN-supported initiative in Pakistan to combat deforestation and restore degraded land.
27. Which forest type contributes most to commercial timber production in Pakistan?
(A) Mangroves
(B) Coniferous forests
(C) Alpine scrub
(D) Tropical thorn forests
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Coniferous forests in KPK and Gilgit-Baltistan are the main sources of timber.
28. Forest cover is measured using which modern technology?
(A) GPS only
(B) Drones
(C) Satellite Remote Sensing
(D) Google Earth only
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Remote sensing and GIS are widely used for accurate forest mapping.
29. The term “deforestation” means?
(A) Increase in forest cover
(B) Change in forest species
(C) Conversion of forest land into non-forest use
(D) Controlled logging
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Deforestation is permanent removal of trees for agriculture, urbanization, or industry.
30. Which natural disaster is reduced by dense forests in mountainous regions?
(A) Hurricanes
(B) Earthquakes
(C) Landslides
(D) Volcanoes
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Forest roots stabilize soil and reduce landslides in hilly regions.
📌 Section 5: Forestry in Pakistan’s History
31. The Forest Department in the subcontinent was formally established in?
(A) 1864
(B) 1870
(C) 1882
(D) 1901
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: The British established the first formal Forest Department in 1864 under Dietrich Brandis.
32. Pakistan’s first National Forest Policy was announced in?
(A) 1947
(B) 1955
(C) 1962
(D) 1971
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: The 1962 Forest Policy focused on conservation, plantations, and industrial use.
33. The Forestry Sector in Pakistan contributes approximately what percentage to GDP?
(A) 0.1%
(B) 0.4%
(C) 1%
(D) 2%
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Forestry contributes around 0.4% to GDP, showing underutilization of resources.
34. The most significant forest law in Pakistan is?
(A) Pakistan Penal Code
(B) Forest Act 1927
(C) Wildlife Act 1973
(D) Environmental Protection Act 1997
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: The Forest Act 1927 regulates forest conservation, ownership, and management in Pakistan.
35. Pakistan’s “Ten Billion Tree Tsunami” was launched in?
(A) 2015
(B) 2016
(C) 2018
(D) 2020
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: The project was launched in 2018 to combat climate change and deforestation.
36. Who is regarded as the pioneer of modern forestry in Pakistan?
(A) Dr. Sultan Ahmed
(B) Dietrich Brandis
(C) Choudhary Muhammad Ali
(D) Malik Amin Aslam
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Dr. Sultan Ahmed played a crucial role in shaping Pakistan’s forestry education and management.
37. Which university in Pakistan is most famous for forestry education?
(A) Punjab University
(B) Peshawar University
(C) Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar
(D) University of Agriculture, Faisalabad
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: The Pakistan Forest Institute (PFI) in Peshawar is the country’s premier forestry education institution.
38. The first Forestry Policy in independent Pakistan was introduced in?
(A) 1948
(B) 1955
(C) 1962
(D) 1973
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: A preliminary policy was made in 1955 focusing on plantation and watershed management.
39. In which year was the Forest Act 1927 extended to Pakistan after independence?
(A) 1947
(B) 1948
(C) 1949
(D) 1951
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: The Forest Act of 1927 continued to be applied in Pakistan after partition in 1947.
40. The “Green Pakistan Program” was launched under which Prime Minister?
(A) Nawaz Sharif
(B) Benazir Bhutto
(C) Shahid Khaqan Abbasi
(D) Imran Khan
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Shahid Khaqan Abbasi launched the Green Pakistan Program in 2017 to restore forests.
📌 Section 6: Forest Classification
41. Tropical thorn forests are mainly found in which region of Pakistan?
(A) Punjab & Sindh plains
(B) KPK northern areas
(C) Balochistan hills
(D) Gilgit-Baltistan
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: These dry forests dominate plains of Punjab and Sindh with species like Acacia and Capparis.
42. Which type of forest grows in saline coastal mudflats?
(A) Alpine scrub
(B) Mangroves
(C) Coniferous forest
(D) Riverine forest
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Mangroves adapt to saline tidal environments, mostly in Indus delta.
43. The world’s second largest contiguous mangrove forest is in?
(A) India
(B) Bangladesh
(C) Pakistan
(D) Sri Lanka
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Pakistan’s Indus Delta holds the world’s second largest mangrove area.
44. Alpine forests in Pakistan are found at altitudes above?
(A) 1,000 m
(B) 2,000 m
(C) 3,000 m
(D) 4,500 m
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Alpine scrub vegetation thrives above 3,000 m in northern Pakistan.
45. Juniper forests in Ziarat are considered?
(A) Oldest living forests
(B) Artificial plantations
(C) Bamboo forests
(D) Riverine forests
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Ziarat’s juniper trees are thousands of years old, among the world’s oldest forests.
46. Chir Pine (Pinus roxburghii) is dominant in which forest type?
(A) Tropical thorn forest
(B) Sub-tropical pine forest
(C) Alpine scrub
(D) Mangroves
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Chir pine dominates subtropical pine forests of Murree, Hazara, and Swat.
47. Which province of Pakistan has the largest mangrove forests?
(A) Punjab
(B) Sindh
(C) KPK
(D) Balochistan
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Sindh’s Indus Delta hosts extensive mangrove coverage.
48. Riverine forests grow mainly along?
(A) Coastal lines
(B) River banks
(C) Mountains
(D) Desert margins
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Riverine forests thrive along Indus and its tributaries.
49. Which forest type plays the biggest role in watershed management in Pakistan?
(A) Mangroves
(B) Alpine forests
(C) Coniferous forests
(D) Tropical thorn forests
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Coniferous forests protect watersheds and regulate water flow in hilly catchments.
50. The “Changa Manga” forest in Punjab is an example of?
(A) Natural forest
(B) Tropical thorn forest
(C) Artificial plantation
(D) Riverine forest
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Changa Manga is the largest man-made forest plantation in Pakistan.
📌 Section 7: Forestry & Climate Change
51. Forests are often referred to as?
(A) Earth’s lungs
(B) Carbon sources
(C) Dust producers
(D) Solar panels
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Forests produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide, like lungs of Earth.
52. Pakistan joined the “Bonn Challenge” to restore degraded land in?
(A) 2010
(B) 2014
(C) 2016
(D) 2020
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Pakistan pledged to restore 3.5 million hectares of land under the Bonn Challenge in 2016.
53. The process of reestablishing trees on deforested land is called?
(A) Afforestation
(B) Deforestation
(C) Reforestation
(D) Degradation
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Reforestation restores trees on land where forests have been cut down.
54. Forests reduce global warming by?
(A) Increasing albedo effect
(B) Absorbing greenhouse gases
(C) Reflecting sunlight
(D) Reducing rainfall
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Forests absorb greenhouse gases like CO₂ and store carbon.
55. Which UN initiative supports forestry in combating climate change?
(A) COP Meetings
(B) UNFCCC
(C) REDD+
(D) All of the above
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: Climate negotiations, UNFCCC, and REDD+ programs all include forestry measures.
56. Pakistan hosted the World Environment Day in 2021 under which theme?
(A) Ecosystem Restoration
(B) Forest Conservation
(C) Save Mangroves
(D) One World, One Earth
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: In 2021, Pakistan hosted with theme “Ecosystem Restoration.”
57. Which natural disaster is minimized by coastal mangroves?
(A) Earthquakes
(B) Cyclones & Tsunamis
(C) Volcanoes
(D) Drought
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Mangroves act as barriers against cyclones, tidal waves, and tsunamis.
58. Which gas is released during deforestation and burning of forests?
(A) Oxygen
(B) Carbon dioxide
(C) Methane
(D) Nitrogen oxide
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Burning forests release CO₂, worsening climate change.
59. The term “carbon sequestration” means?
(A) Trapping of oxygen by plants
(B) Storage of carbon by forests
(C) Release of CO₂ in atmosphere
(D) Substitution of coal with wood
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Forests store carbon in biomass and soil, reducing greenhouse gases.
60. The 2021 IPCC report highlighted forests as?
(A) Drivers of climate change
(B) Key to climate mitigation
(C) A threat to agriculture
(D) Temporary solutions only
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Forests are considered essential in mitigating climate change effects.
📌 Section 8: Importance of Forestry in Pakistan
61. What percentage of Pakistan’s total land area is covered by forests (approx.)?
(A) 1.9%
(B) 3.5%
(C) 5%
(D) 10%
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Pakistan has around 3.5–4% forest cover, far below the global standard of 25%.
62. Which province of Pakistan has the largest forest cover by area?
(A) Punjab
(B) Sindh
(C) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
(D) Balochistan
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: KPK has the largest share due to its coniferous and temperate forests.
63. Which forest type is most dominant in Pakistan?
(A) Mangroves
(B) Tropical thorn forests
(C) Riverine forests
(D) Coniferous forests
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Tropical thorn forests dominate dry plains in Punjab, Sindh, and Balochistan.
64. Pakistan’s economy heavily depends on forests for?
(A) Timber and fuelwood
(B) Watershed protection
(C) Livelihood of rural communities
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: Forests support industry, protect watersheds, and provide jobs to rural people.
65. Which forest in Pakistan is famous for its biodiversity and tourist attraction?
(A) Ziarat Juniper Forest
(B) Changa Manga
(C) Margalla Hills
(D) Lal Suhanra National Park
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Margalla Hills in Islamabad are rich in biodiversity and attract eco-tourism.
66. Pakistan imports timber mainly because?
(A) Local demand exceeds supply
(B) Illegal logging
(C) Poor forest management
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: Multiple factors including deforestation and mismanagement force reliance on imports.
67. The Billion Tree Tsunami Project was first launched in which province?
(A) Punjab
(B) KPK
(C) Sindh
(D) Gilgit-Baltistan
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: KPK launched the Billion Tree Tsunami in 2014 to restore degraded land.
68. Which tree is most commonly planted in social forestry projects of Punjab?
(A) Acacia nilotica (Kikar)
(B) Dalbergia sissoo (Shisham)
(C) Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Safeda)
(D) Morus alba (Mulberry)
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Eucalyptus grows fast and is often used in large-scale plantations.
69. Forestry contributes significantly to which industry in Pakistan?
(A) Furniture industry
(B) Sports goods industry
(C) Paper & pulp industry
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: Forests provide raw materials for multiple industries.
70. Deforestation in northern Pakistan increases the risk of?
(A) Floods and soil erosion
(B) Earthquakes
(C) Desertification only
(D) Cyclones
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Removal of forest cover accelerates soil erosion and increases flood risk.
📌 Section 9: Forestry & International Organizations
71. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) headquarters is located in?
(A) Geneva
(B) Gland, Switzerland
(C) Paris
(D) Rome
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: IUCN, active in forest and wildlife conservation, is based in Gland, Switzerland.
72. Which international day is celebrated on 21st March?
(A) World Water Day
(B) International Day of Forests
(C) World Environment Day
(D) Earth Day
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: UN declared 21st March as International Day of Forests to raise awareness.
73. The FAO is responsible for?
(A) Forest research
(B) Food and Agriculture policies
(C) Forest conservation
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: FAO supports global forest policies along with agriculture and food security.
74. Which country has the largest forest area in the world?
(A) Brazil
(B) Canada
(C) Russia
(D) USA
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Russia has the largest forest cover, followed by Brazil and Canada.
75. Which international initiative focuses on reducing deforestation?
(A) REDD+
(B) Kyoto Protocol
(C) Paris Agreement
(D) CITES
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) is key for forests.
76. Which global summit introduced “Agenda 21” focusing on sustainable forestry?
(A) Rio Earth Summit (1992)
(B) Kyoto Protocol (1997)
(C) Paris Agreement (2015)
(D) Johannesburg Summit (2002)
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: The Rio Summit of 1992 launched Agenda 21 emphasizing sustainable use of resources.
77. Which UN agency runs the “Forest Resources Assessment” (FRA)?
(A) UNEP
(B) UNESCO
(C) FAO
(D) UNDP
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: FAO periodically publishes FRA reports assessing global forest conditions.
78. The United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF) was established in?
(A) 1995
(B) 2000
(C) 2010
(D) 2015
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: UNFF was created in 2000 to promote sustainable forest management.
79. The Paris Agreement of 2015 recognizes forests mainly for their role in?
(A) Biodiversity
(B) Carbon storage
(C) Timber production
(D) Tourism
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Forests are vital as carbon sinks under the Paris Climate Accord.
80. “Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR)” approach mainly focuses on?
(A) Planting new forests
(B) Managing wildlife
(C) Restoring ecological balance on degraded landscapes
(D) Establishing plantations only
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: FLR restores whole landscapes for ecological and social benefits.
📌 Section 10: Forestry & Climate Change
81. Forests are called the “lungs of the Earth” because they:
(A) Provide rainfall
(B) Produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide
(C) Reduce earthquakes
(D) Increase biodiversity
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Through photosynthesis, forests supply oxygen and absorb CO₂, acting like Earth’s lungs.
82. Which greenhouse gas is most absorbed by forests?
(A) Methane
(B) Nitrous Oxide
(C) Carbon Dioxide
(D) Ozone
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Forests are major carbon sinks, storing CO₂ in biomass and soils.
83. Deforestation contributes most directly to:
(A) Desertification
(B) Climate change
(C) Water pollution
(D) Air pressure changes
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: By reducing carbon sinks, deforestation accelerates climate change.
84. Which global initiative encourages countries to increase forest cover?
(A) REDD+
(B) Kyoto Protocol
(C) Bonn Challenge
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: Multiple international programs promote afforestation and forest protection.
85. Mangroves help fight climate change mainly by:
(A) Preventing soil erosion
(B) Storing carbon at higher rates than tropical forests
(C) Reducing heat waves
(D) Attracting rainfall
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Mangroves are “blue carbon” ecosystems with high carbon storage capacity.
86. Afforestation refers to:
(A) Planting trees on barren land
(B) Natural forest growth
(C) Shifting cultivation
(D) Replacing old trees with new trees
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Afforestation means creating new forests on lands not previously forested.
87. Reforestation is different from afforestation because it:
(A) Happens in cities
(B) Restores lost or degraded forests
(C) Deals with crops
(D) Involves desert reclamation
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Reforestation restores forests that were cut or degraded.
88. Which country successfully increased its forest cover through massive afforestation?
(A) Pakistan
(B) China
(C) Brazil
(D) Russia
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: China expanded forest area through “Green Great Wall” projects.
89. Which forest type absorbs maximum carbon?
(A) Tropical rainforests
(B) Alpine forests
(C) Thorn forests
(D) Mangroves
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Tropical rainforests are most efficient in carbon absorption due to dense biomass.
90. Which UN body monitors global climate and forest interactions?
(A) IPCC
(B) FAO
(C) UNEP
(D) UNFCCC
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: IPCC reports evaluate forests’ role in climate mitigation.
📌 Section 11: Forestry & Human Use
91. Which wood is most commonly used for making cricket bats in Pakistan?
(A) Mulberry
(B) Willow
(C) Shisham
(D) Eucalyptus
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Willow wood is preferred for making cricket bats.
92. Which forest product is known as “non-timber forest product” (NTFP)?
(A) Bamboo
(B) Honey
(C) Resin
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: NTFPs include bamboo, honey, medicinal plants, and resin.
93. Lac, gum, and resin are obtained from:
(A) Wild animals
(B) Insects and trees
(C) Soils
(D) Sea plants
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: These forest products are secreted by trees and insects.
94. Which forest product is essential for the paper industry?
(A) Bamboo and wood pulp
(B) Honey
(C) Rubber
(D) Resin
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Pulp from bamboo and softwood trees is the main source for paper.
95. Which tree in Pakistan is famous for producing gum?
(A) Acacia nilotica
(B) Dalbergia sissoo
(C) Morus alba
(D) Cedrus deodara
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Acacia trees produce gum arabic, widely used in industry.
96. Tannins obtained from forest plants are used in:
(A) Dyeing clothes
(B) Leather industry
(C) Medicine only
(D) None of these
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Tannins are widely used in tanning leather.
97. Medicinal plants in forests are also called:
(A) Herbal forests
(B) Non-timber resources
(C) Green pharmacy
(D) Forest pharmacy
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: Forests are often referred to as natural pharmacies.
98. Which forest product provides biofuel?
(A) Firewood
(B) Resin
(C) Ethanol from plants
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: Firewood, resins, and plant-based ethanol are major biofuels.
99. Rattan is mainly used in:
(A) Furniture making
(B) Sports goods
(C) Medicine
(D) Perfumes
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Rattan is widely used in cane furniture.
100. Cork is obtained from:
(A) Bamboo
(B) Oak tree
(C) Pine tree
(D) Willow
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Cork is harvested from bark of cork oak trees.
📌 Section 12: Forestry Challenges in Pakistan
101. The main cause of deforestation in Pakistan is:
(A) Industrialization
(B) Fuelwood collection
(C) Infrastructure development
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: Multiple factors together cause Pakistan’s high deforestation rate.
102. Which mountain range is most affected by illegal logging?
(A) Himalayas
(B) Karakoram
(C) Hindukush
(D) Salt Range
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Forests in Himalayas and northern KPK are severely affected.
103. Shisham trees in Punjab are dying due to:
(A) Climate change
(B) Shisham dieback disease
(C) Overharvesting
(D) Insects
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Fungal dieback disease has caused severe decline in Shisham trees.
104. Which natural disaster becomes worse due to deforestation?
(A) Earthquake
(B) Floods
(C) Tsunami
(D) Volcanic eruptions
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Deforestation weakens soil structure and increases flood risk.
105. Which tree is controversial in Pakistan for water consumption?
(A) Acacia
(B) Shisham
(C) Eucalyptus
(D) Mulberry
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Eucalyptus consumes high groundwater, hence controversial in some regions.
106. Which project was launched to restore mangroves in Sindh?
(A) Green Pakistan Programme
(B) REDD+
(C) Mangroves for the Future
(D) None of these
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: International and national initiatives aim to restore mangroves in Sindh.
107. The biggest threat to juniper forests of Ziarat is:
(A) Overgrazing
(B) Illegal cutting
(C) Climate change
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: Juniper forests face multiple pressures simultaneously.
108. Pakistan’s Vision 2025 emphasizes forestry mainly for:
(A) Carbon trading
(B) Water conservation
(C) Poverty reduction and sustainable growth
(D) Timber export
Correct Answer: (C)
Explanation: Vision 2025 links forestry with rural livelihoods and sustainability.
109. Which community practice helps reduce deforestation?
(A) Social forestry
(B) Commercial logging
(C) Charcoal production
(D) Urbanization
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Social forestry engages communities in tree planting and protection.
110. Forest fires are most frequent in:
(A) Coniferous forests of KPK
(B) Thorn forests of Sindh
(C) Mangroves
(D) Riverine forests
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Coniferous forests in dry summers are highly vulnerable to fire.
📌 Section 13: Forestry Career & Education
111. The first forestry school in Pakistan was established in:
(A) Peshawar
(B) Faisalabad
(C) Lahore
(D) Quetta
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Pakistan Forest Institute (PFI) was founded in Peshawar in 1947.
112. PFI (Pakistan Forest Institute) offers degrees in:
(A) Forestry
(B) Wildlife
(C) Range Management
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: PFI provides comprehensive forestry education and research programs.
113. The national tree of Pakistan is:
(A) Deodar (Cedrus deodara)
(B) Shisham
(C) Mulberry
(D) Acacia
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Deodar cedar is the national tree of Pakistan.
114. Which subject is compulsory in forestry education?
(A) Silviculture
(B) Agroforestry
(C) Forest policy
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: Forestry education covers multiple subjects for complete knowledge.
115. Which job sector offers the most opportunities for forestry graduates?
(A) Provincial forest departments
(B) NGOs
(C) International organizations
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: Forestry graduates find jobs in government, NGOs, and international bodies.
116. Forestry is considered an interdisciplinary field because it involves:
(A) Biology only
(B) Ecology, economics, and sociology
(C) Engineering and physics only
(D) None of these
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Forestry combines natural and social sciences.
117. The term “green jobs” in forestry refers to:
(A) Logging jobs
(B) Jobs that promote sustainable environment
(C) Plantation work only
(D) Paper industry jobs
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: Green jobs create income while protecting the environment.
118. Which research journal in Pakistan is dedicated to forestry?
(A) Pakistan Journal of Forestry
(B) Pakistan Journal of Agriculture
(C) Pakistan Journal of Ecology
(D) Pakistan Journal of Science
Correct Answer: (A)
Explanation: Pakistan Journal of Forestry publishes forestry-related research.
119. Which Pakistani university offers BS Forestry?
(A) University of Agriculture Faisalabad
(B) PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi
(C) Karakoram International University
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D)
Explanation: Multiple universities offer BS Forestry programs.
120. A forester’s main duty is to:
(A) Plant trees only
(B) Manage forest resources sustainably
(C) Sell timber
(D) Fight wildfires
Correct Answer: (B)
Explanation: The main role of a forester is to balance forest use with conservation.
Batch 2: Forestry MCQs
Batch 3: Agroforestry