Welcome to the Final Batch 12 of Forestry Past Papers MCQs (351–400) 🎯.
This section mixes conceptual, applied, and tricky forestry MCQs—the exact kind that examiners love to ask in FPSC, PPSC, KPPSC, SPSC, and other forestry-related competitive exams in Pakistan.
✅ With this final set, you now have access to the complete 400+ Forestry MCQ collection with answers + explanations on our site. Perfect for Forestry Officers, Rangers, and competitive exam aspirants.
📘 Why This Batch is Important?
- Covers latest forestry topics: Climate change, carbon credits, Paris Agreement.
- Includes applied forestry concepts: silvipasture, hydrology, merchantable height.
- Tests Pakistan-specific forestry knowledge: Changa Manga, Avicennia marina, GB forests, Ziarat junipers.
- Mix of easy + tricky MCQs to mimic real exam patterns.
Perfect 🌲 Let’s wrap up with the Final Batch 12: Mixed & Practice MCQs (351–400).
This batch mixes conceptual, applied, and tricky MCQs — similar to what examiners love to ask. It will give aspirants a complete 400+ Forestry MCQ collection on your site 🚀.
🌲 Batch 12: Mixed & Practice MCQs
MCQs 351–400
351. Forests act as carbon sinks by:
(A) Releasing carbon dioxide
(B) Absorbing carbon dioxide
(C) Producing methane
(D) Storing only nitrogen
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Absorbing carbon dioxide
💡 Explanation: Through photosynthesis, forests absorb CO₂ and store carbon.
352. The “National Forest Policy 2015” of Pakistan emphasized:
(A) Increasing forest cover to 6%
(B) Privatization of forests
(C) Mining in forests
(D) Reducing protected areas
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Increasing forest cover to 6%
💡 Explanation: The policy targeted restoration and sustainable forestry.
353. Which tree is commonly called “Sheesham” in Pakistan?
(A) Acacia nilotica
(B) Dalbergia sissoo
(C) Populus deltoides
(D) Morus alba
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Dalbergia sissoo
💡 Explanation: Sheesham is valued for durable timber.
354. “Eutrophication” in water bodies near forests occurs due to:
(A) Excess nitrogen & phosphorus
(B) Lack of oxygen
(C) Salinity
(D) Acid rain only
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Excess nitrogen & phosphorus
💡 Explanation: Runoff with fertilizers leads to algal bloom.
355. Pakistan’s main mangrove species is:
(A) Avicennia marina
(B) Rhizophora mucronata
(C) Sonneratia apetala
(D) Ceriops tagal
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Avicennia marina
💡 Explanation: Dominates 95% of Indus delta mangroves.
356. In forestry, the term “crown cover” refers to:
(A) Tree stem density
(B) Area covered by tree foliage
(C) Bark thickness
(D) Height of tallest tree
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Area covered by tree foliage
💡 Explanation: Indicates canopy closure level.
357. A biome dominated by grasses with scattered trees is called:
(A) Taiga
(B) Savanna
(C) Tundra
(D) Steppe
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Savanna
💡 Explanation: Found in Africa, Brazil, India.
358. The scientific name of Chir Pine is:
(A) Pinus wallichiana
(B) Pinus roxburghii
(C) Cedrus deodara
(D) Abies pindrow
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Pinus roxburghii
💡 Explanation: Chir pine is resin-yielding species of Pakistan.
359. What is the approximate forest area under Gilgit-Baltistan?
(A) 0.5 million ha
(B) 1.5 million ha
(C) 2.0 million ha
(D) 2.7 million ha
✅ Correct Answer: (D) 2.7 million ha
💡 Explanation: GB has coniferous and alpine forests.
360. Which of the following is a fast-growing exotic species in Pakistan?
(A) Acacia nilotica
(B) Eucalyptus camaldulensis
(C) Dalbergia sissoo
(D) Olea ferruginea
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Eucalyptus camaldulensis
💡 Explanation: Eucalyptus grows rapidly and adapts to many soils.
361. Which factor is NOT a cause of desertification?
(A) Overgrazing
(B) Deforestation
(C) Soil erosion
(D) Afforestation
✅ Correct Answer: (D) Afforestation
💡 Explanation: Planting trees helps combat desertification.
362. The largest man-made plantation in Pakistan is:
(A) Mangla plantation
(B) Changa Manga
(C) Kundian plantation
(D) Kamalia plantation
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Changa Manga
💡 Explanation: Established in 1866, one of the world’s largest plantations.
363. Resin is tapped using:
(A) Bore holes
(B) Longitudinal blazes on tree trunks
(C) Roots extraction
(D) Leaf crushing
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Longitudinal blazes on tree trunks
💡 Explanation: Resin flows after making controlled cuts.
364. “Ex-situ conservation” means:
(A) Conservation in natural habitat
(B) Conservation outside natural habitat
(C) Conservation of soil only
(D) None of the above
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Conservation outside natural habitat
💡 Explanation: Includes botanical gardens, seed banks, zoos.
365. The term “climax vegetation” refers to:
(A) Temporary vegetation
(B) Final stable vegetation community
(C) Agricultural crops
(D) Short-lived shrubs
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Final stable vegetation community
💡 Explanation: It develops after succession reaches balance.
366. Which forest is crucial for controlling coastal erosion?
(A) Alpine forests
(B) Mangroves
(C) Tropical dry forests
(D) Coniferous forests
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Mangroves
💡 Explanation: Roots stabilize coastlines and prevent erosion.
367. Increment borer is used for:
(A) Measuring bark thickness
(B) Extracting core to estimate tree age
(C) Checking soil fertility
(D) Estimating crown diameter
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Extracting core to estimate tree age
💡 Explanation: It removes a small wood core without killing the tree.
368. The “carbon credit” system encourages:
(A) Deforestation
(B) Investment in renewable energy & forests
(C) Use of fossil fuels
(D) Plantation removal
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Investment in renewable energy & forests
💡 Explanation: Carbon credits reward reduction in greenhouse gases.
369. The term “dbh class distribution” refers to:
(A) Number of animals per forest
(B) Number of trees per diameter class
(C) Height of forest canopy
(D) Soil depth distribution
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Number of trees per diameter class
💡 Explanation: Used in forest inventory & planning.
370. Pakistan’s main alpine pastures are found in:
(A) Punjab plains
(B) Sindh delta
(C) Northern areas
(D) Balochistan deserts
✅ Correct Answer: (C) Northern areas
💡 Explanation: High-altitude GB and Chitral regions.
371. Which forest type is most degraded in Pakistan?
(A) Mangroves
(B) Alpine coniferous
(C) Riverine
(D) Irrigated plantations
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Mangroves
💡 Explanation: Indus delta mangroves have shrunk drastically.
372. Which of the following is a multipurpose tree species?
(A) Acacia nilotica
(B) Dalbergia sissoo
(C) Morus alba
(D) All of these
✅ Correct Answer: (D) All of these
💡 Explanation: Provide fuelwood, fodder, timber, and shade.
373. “Forest hydrology” studies the relationship between:
(A) Soil and crops
(B) Forests and water
(C) Trees and livestock
(D) Climate and fishery
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Forests and water
💡 Explanation: Includes streamflow, groundwater recharge, rainfall interception.
374. The growth of trees in diameter and height is mainly due to:
(A) Photosynthesis
(B) Cambium activity
(C) Bark thickening
(D) Root expansion
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Cambium activity
💡 Explanation: Cambium layer produces xylem and phloem cells.
375. Which country has declared a constitutional right to trees?
(A) Pakistan
(B) India
(C) Bhutan
(D) Brazil
✅ Correct Answer: (C) Bhutan
💡 Explanation: Bhutan ensures at least 60% forest cover constitutionally.
376. Natural regeneration by seeds requires:
(A) Seed fall
(B) Suitable soil
(C) Protection from grazing
(D) All of the above
✅ Correct Answer: (D) All of the above
💡 Explanation: Successful regeneration depends on seeds + favorable environment.
377. Pakistan’s first-ever “National Forest Policy” was revised in:
(A) 1991
(B) 2001
(C) 2005
(D) 2015
✅ Correct Answer: (A) 1991
💡 Explanation: 1991 revision emphasized environmental sustainability.
378. Which tree is widely planted for roadside avenues in Pakistan?
(A) Eucalyptus
(B) Poplar
(C) Neem
(D) Sheesham
✅ Correct Answer: (C) Neem
💡 Explanation: Neem provides shade, medicinal, and environmental benefits.
379. Which technique is used for tree improvement?
(A) Breeding
(B) Grafting
(C) Tissue culture
(D) All of the above
✅ Correct Answer: (D) All of the above
💡 Explanation: Genetic improvement involves several techniques.
380. A tree’s “merchantable height” refers to:
(A) Total tree height
(B) Height usable for timber
(C) Only stem height without bark
(D) Height to first branch
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Height usable for timber
💡 Explanation: Determines economic value of tree.
381. Pakistan’s forest policy is implemented by:
(A) Federal Government only
(B) Provincial Governments
(C) Local bodies only
(D) NGOs
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Provincial Governments
💡 Explanation: After 18th amendment, forestry is a provincial subject.
382. The “Biological Diversity Act” in Pakistan was passed in:
(A) 2005
(B) 2010
(C) 2015
(D) 2017
✅ Correct Answer: (D) 2017
💡 Explanation: To safeguard biodiversity and ecosystems.
383. Which forest type plays the most role in global oxygen supply?
(A) Mangroves
(B) Tropical Rainforests
(C) Boreal Forests
(D) Grasslands
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Tropical Rainforests
💡 Explanation: Amazon rainforest called the “lungs of the Earth”.
384. Pakistan’s main rangeland type is:
(A) Alpine pastures
(B) Tropical thorn forests
(C) Desert rangelands
(D) All of these
✅ Correct Answer: (D) All of these
💡 Explanation: Rangelands cover 60% of Pakistan’s land area.
385. Sustainable forest management balances:
(A) Ecology, economy, society
(B) Timber only
(C) Wildlife only
(D) Urban growth
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Ecology, economy, society
💡 Explanation: Ensures long-term benefits.
386. First National Conservation Strategy (NCS) of Pakistan launched in:
(A) 1988
(B) 1992
(C) 1997
(D) 2000
✅ Correct Answer: (B) 1992
💡 Explanation: One of the world’s earliest comprehensive conservation plans.
387. The “10 Billion Tree Tsunami Programme” was launched in:
(A) 2016
(B) 2018
(C) 2020
(D) 2022
✅ Correct Answer: (B) 2018
💡 Explanation: Aimed to restore degraded ecosystems.
388. Which instrument is used to measure tree height?
(A) Hygrometer
(B) Hipsometer
(C) Increment borer
(D) Barometer
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Hipsometer
💡 Explanation: Hipsometer calculates height based on angles & distance.
389. Which system is used for grass and tree cultivation together?
(A) Agroforestry
(B) Silvipasture
(C) Taungya
(D) Social forestry
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Silvipasture
💡 Explanation: Trees + pastures used for livestock fodder.
390. Pakistan’s forest education & training center is in:
(A) Murree
(B) Peshawar
(C) Abbottabad
(D) Quetta
✅ Correct Answer: (C) Abbottabad
💡 Explanation: Pakistan Forest Institute (PFI), Peshawar, and training schools.
391. The natural vegetation of Cholistan desert is:
(A) Xerophytes
(B) Hydrophytes
(C) Mesophytes
(D) Epiphytes
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Xerophytes
💡 Explanation: Plants adapted to drought conditions.
392. In Pakistan, eucalyptus is mainly used for:
(A) Timber for buildings
(B) Fuelwood and pulp
(C) Furniture
(D) Matchsticks
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Fuelwood and pulp
💡 Explanation: Its wood is light and burns quickly.
393. The National Rangeland Policy of Pakistan was approved in:
(A) 2005
(B) 2008
(C) 2010
(D) 2015
✅ Correct Answer: (B) 2008
💡 Explanation: Aims to sustainably manage Pakistan’s vast rangelands.
394. Which forest type is common in Balochistan?
(A) Alpine coniferous
(B) Dry temperate forests
(C) Tropical rainforests
(D) Mangroves
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Dry temperate forests
💡 Explanation: Juniper forests of Ziarat are famous.
395. “FAO State of the World’s Forests Report” is published:
(A) Annually
(B) Every 2 years
(C) Every 5 years
(D) Every 10 years
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Every 2 years
💡 Explanation: Provides global forestry updates.
396. Pakistan ratified the Paris Climate Agreement in:
(A) 2014
(B) 2015
(C) 2016
(D) 2017
✅ Correct Answer: (C) 2016
💡 Explanation: Pakistan pledged to reduce carbon emissions.
397. The process of replacing degraded forests with new plantations is:
(A) Reforestation
(B) Deforestation
(C) Social forestry
(D) Taungya
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Reforestation
💡 Explanation: Planting trees in degraded forest areas.
398. Which forest product is used in making paper pulp?
(A) Resin
(B) Bamboo
(C) Latex
(D) Neem leaves
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Bamboo
💡 Explanation: Bamboo fibers are excellent for paper.
399. “Protected forests” allow:
(A) No use at all
(B) Limited rights of local people
(C) Free commercial logging
(D) Conversion to farmland
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Limited rights of local people
💡 Explanation: Locals may use for fuel, fodder, etc.
400. The “International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)” is headquartered at:
(A) Geneva, Switzerland
(B) Gland, Switzerland
(C) Paris, France
(D) New York, USA
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Gland, Switzerland
💡 Explanation: IUCN manages global Red List of threatened species.
Batch 1: Introduction to Forestry
Batch 6: Forest Ecology and Environment
Batch 8: Forest Products and Utilization
Batch 9: Forest Policy Laws of Pakistan