This post brings you Batch 11 (MCQs 301–350) from past papers of FPSC, PPSC,KPKPMS, KPPSC, SPSC, and other competitive exams. These forestry multiple choice questions are carefully selected and repeatedly asked in exams — perfect for forestry officers, rangers, and all aspirants.
🌲 Batch 11: Past Papers MCQs Collection
MCQs 301–350
301. The science of measuring forests and forest trees is called:
(A) Silviculture
(B) Forest Mensuration
(C) Agroforestry
(D) Dendrology
Correct Answer: (B) Forest Mensuration
Explanation: Forest mensuration deals with measurement of tree growth, volume, and biomass.
302. The world’s largest mangrove forest, Sundarbans, lies between:
(A) Pakistan and Iran
(B) India and Bangladesh
(C) Myanmar and Thailand
(D) Indonesia and Malaysia
Correct Answer: (B) India and Bangladesh
Explanation: The Sundarbans is the largest tidal halophytic mangrove forest.
303. The resin-yielding tree species in Pakistan is:
(A) Dalbergia sissoo
(B) Pinus roxburghii
(C) Populus deltoides
(D) Acacia nilotica
Correct Answer: (B) Pinus roxburghii
Explanation: Chir pine (Pinus roxburghii) is tapped for resin production in Pakistan.
304. The first National Forest Policy of Pakistan was announced in:
(A) 1948
(B) 1955
(C) 1962
(D) 1991
Correct Answer: (B) 1955
Explanation: The 1955 policy focused on meeting timber and fuelwood demand.
305. Social forestry refers to:
(A) Forests managed only by government
(B) Growing trees for community welfare and rural needs
(C) Planting trees only in cities
(D) Export-oriented plantations
Correct Answer: (B) Growing trees for community welfare and rural needs
Explanation: Social forestry emphasizes local participation and community benefit.
306. The term “agroforestry” was first popularized in:
(A) 1950s
(B) 1970s
(C) 1980s
(D) 1990s
Correct Answer: (B) 1970s
Explanation: Agroforestry became a formal scientific discipline in the 1970s.
307. The volume of a tree can be estimated using:
(A) Increment borer
(B) Volume tables
(C) Soil auger
(D) Hygrometer
Correct Answer: (B) Volume tables
Explanation: Volume tables are widely used in forest mensuration to estimate tree volume.
308. Reserved forests are declared under which Act in Pakistan?
(A) Pakistan Penal Code
(B) Forest Act of 1927
(C) Wildlife Protection Act
(D) National Parks Ordinance
Correct Answer: (B) Forest Act of 1927
Explanation: The Forest Act 1927 provides a legal basis for declaring reserved and protected forests.
309. Shelterwood system is mainly applied for regeneration of:
(A) Shade-loving species
(B) Light-demanding species
(C) Grasslands
(D) Shrubs only
Correct Answer: (A) Shade-loving species
Explanation: Shelterwood allows gradual regeneration under partial shade of old trees.
310. Which of the following trees is known as the “Tree of Life”?
(A) Neem
(B) Coconut
(C) Date Palm
(D) Banyan
Correct Answer: (B) Coconut
Explanation: Coconut provides food, oil, fiber, and shelter, hence called the “Tree of Life.”
311. Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) is measured at:
(A) 1.0 m from ground level
(B) 1.3 m from ground level
(C) 2.0 m from ground level
(D) 0.5 m from ground level
Correct Answer: (B) 1.3 m from ground level
Explanation: DBH is an international standard for tree measurements.
312. A forest dominated by coniferous trees is called:
(A) Taiga
(B) Tundra
(C) Rainforest
(D) Steppe
Correct Answer: (A) Taiga
Explanation: Taiga or boreal forest is dominated by conifers like pine, spruce, and fir.
313. The term “xerophyte” refers to:
(A) Shade-loving plants
(B) Water-loving plants
(C) Plants adapted to dry conditions
(D) Plants living in salty areas
Correct Answer: (C) Plants adapted to dry conditions
Explanation: Xerophytes conserve water and survive in deserts and dry areas.
314. The rotation period for Poplar in Pakistan is usually:
(A) 3–4 years
(B) 6–8 years
(C) 10–12 years
(D) 20 years
Correct Answer: (B) 6–8 years
Explanation: Poplar is a fast-growing tree used for timber and match industry.
315. Which international day is observed on 21st March?
(A) World Water Day
(B) World Forestry Day / International Day of Forests
(C) Earth Day
(D) World Wildlife Day
Correct Answer: (B) World Forestry Day / International Day of Forests
Explanation: It highlights the importance of forests globally.
316. Silviculture is defined as:
(A) Science of crop measurement
(B) Art and science of growing and managing forests
(C) Study of soil and water
(D) Raising livestock with trees
Correct Answer: (B) Art and science of growing and managing forests
Explanation: Silviculture deals with regeneration, tending, and harvesting of forests.
317. First Biosphere Reserve of Pakistan declared by UNESCO is:
(A) Margalla Hills National Park
(B) Lal Suhanra National Park
(C) Ayubia National Park
(D) Hingol National Park
Correct Answer: (B) Lal Suhanra National Park
Explanation: Lal Suhanra (Bahawalpur) is Pakistan’s first biosphere reserve.
318. Which country has the largest forest area in the world?
(A) Canada
(B) Brazil
(C) Russia
(D) China
Correct Answer: (C) Russia
Explanation: Russia accounts for about 20% of the world’s forests.
319. Which of the following is a non-wood forest product (NWFP)?
(A) Timber
(B) Resin
(C) Plywood
(D) Sawdust
Correct Answer: (B) Resin
Explanation: NWFPs include resin, gums, fruits, fodder, and medicinal plants.
320. The process of clearing forests and using the land for agriculture or other purposes is called:
(A) Afforestation
(B) Deforestation
(C) Reforestation
(D) Social forestry
Correct Answer: (B) Deforestation
Explanation: Deforestation leads to loss of biodiversity and soil erosion.
…and we will continue this set all the way up to MCQ 350 to complete Batch 11.
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This set includes frequently repeated forestry MCQs from FPSC, PPSC, KPPSC, SPSC & other competitive exams, each with answer + short explanation for maximum student value.
🌲 Batch 11: Past Papers MCQs Collection
MCQs 301–350
301. The science of measuring forests and forest trees is called:
(A) Silviculture
(B) Forest Mensuration
(C) Agroforestry
(D) Dendrology
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Forest Mensuration
💡 Explanation: Forest mensuration deals with measuring height, diameter, volume, and growth of trees.
302. The world’s largest mangrove forest, Sundarbans, lies between:
(A) Pakistan and Iran
(B) India and Bangladesh
(C) Myanmar and Thailand
(D) Indonesia and Malaysia
✅ Correct Answer: (B) India and Bangladesh
💡 Explanation: The Sundarbans covers ~10,000 km² of mangroves.
303. The resin-yielding tree species in Pakistan is:
(A) Dalbergia sissoo
(B) Pinus roxburghii
(C) Populus deltoides
(D) Acacia nilotica
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Pinus roxburghii
💡 Explanation: Chir pine is tapped for resin, used in varnish and turpentine.
304. The first National Forest Policy of Pakistan was announced in:
(A) 1948
(B) 1955
(C) 1962
(D) 1991
✅ Correct Answer: (B) 1955
💡 Explanation: The 1955 policy emphasized meeting timber and fuelwood demands.
305. Social forestry refers to:
(A) Forests managed by government only
(B) Growing trees for community welfare and rural needs
(C) Planting trees only in cities
(D) Export-oriented plantations
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Growing trees for community welfare and rural needs
💡 Explanation: Focus is on meeting local needs like fuelwood, fodder, and shade.
306. The term “agroforestry” was first popularized in:
(A) 1950s
(B) 1970s
(C) 1980s
(D) 1990s
✅ Correct Answer: (B) 1970s
💡 Explanation: International Council for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF) promoted the concept.
307. The volume of a tree can be estimated using:
(A) Increment borer
(B) Volume tables
(C) Soil auger
(D) Hygrometer
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Volume tables
💡 Explanation: Volume tables give tree volume from DBH & height.
308. Reserved forests in Pakistan are declared under:
(A) Pakistan Penal Code
(B) Forest Act of 1927
(C) Wildlife Protection Act
(D) National Parks Ordinance
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Forest Act of 1927
💡 Explanation: The Act provides legal backing for Reserved/Protected forests.
309. Shelterwood system is mainly applied for regeneration of:
(A) Shade-loving species
(B) Light-demanding species
(C) Grasslands
(D) Shrubs
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Shade-loving species
💡 Explanation: Seedlings regenerate under partial shade of old trees.
310. Which tree is known as the “Tree of Life”?
(A) Neem
(B) Coconut
(C) Date Palm
(D) Banyan
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Coconut
💡 Explanation: Coconut provides food, oil, shelter, and fiber.
311. Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) is measured at:
(A) 1.0 m
(B) 1.3 m
(C) 2.0 m
(D) 0.5 m
✅ Correct Answer: (B) 1.3 m from ground
💡 Explanation: DBH is the global standard height for tree measurement.
312. A forest dominated by conifers is called:
(A) Taiga
(B) Tundra
(C) Rainforest
(D) Steppe
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Taiga
💡 Explanation: Boreal forests (taiga) are conifer-dominated.
313. “Xerophyte” plants are adapted to:
(A) Shade
(B) Wetlands
(C) Dry conditions
(D) Salty soils
✅ Correct Answer: (C) Dry conditions
💡 Explanation: Xerophytes conserve water to survive in deserts.
314. Rotation period for Poplar in Pakistan is usually:
(A) 3–4 years
(B) 6–8 years
(C) 10–12 years
(D) 20 years
✅ Correct Answer: (B) 6–8 years
💡 Explanation: Poplar is a short-rotation, fast-growing species.
315. Which international day is observed on 21st March?
(A) World Water Day
(B) International Day of Forests
(C) Earth Day
(D) World Wildlife Day
✅ Correct Answer: (B) International Day of Forests
💡 Explanation: Observed to raise awareness of forests’ importance.
316. Silviculture is defined as:
(A) Crop measurement science
(B) Art and science of growing and managing forests
(C) Study of soil and water
(D) Raising livestock with trees
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Art and science of growing and managing forests
💡 Explanation: Silviculture covers regeneration, tending, and harvesting.
317. First UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in Pakistan is:
(A) Margalla Hills
(B) Lal Suhanra National Park
(C) Ayubia National Park
(D) Hingol National Park
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Lal Suhanra National Park
💡 Explanation: Lal Suhanra (Bahawalpur) declared in 1977.
318. Which country has the largest forest area?
(A) Canada
(B) Brazil
(C) Russia
(D) China
✅ Correct Answer: (C) Russia
💡 Explanation: Russia holds about 20% of world’s forests.
319. Which is a Non-Wood Forest Product (NWFP)?
(A) Timber
(B) Resin
(C) Plywood
(D) Sawdust
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Resin
💡 Explanation: NWFPs include resin, gums, fruits, fodder, etc.
320. Clearing forests for other land use is called:
(A) Afforestation
(B) Deforestation
(C) Reforestation
(D) Social forestry
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Deforestation
💡 Explanation: Leads to biodiversity loss and soil erosion.
321. Coppicing is a method of regeneration using:
(A) Seeds
(B) Root suckers
(C) Stump sprouts
(D) Grafting
✅ Correct Answer: (C) Stump sprouts
💡 Explanation: New shoots arise from stumps of felled trees.
322. In forestry, “increment” refers to:
(A) Age of tree
(B) Increase in growth (volume/diameter/height)
(C) Tree density
(D) Rotation length
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Increase in growth
💡 Explanation: Increment is the annual growth of trees.
323. The “National Tree of Pakistan” is:
(A) Neem
(B) Deodar
(C) Chir pine
(D) Poplar
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Deodar (Cedrus deodara)
💡 Explanation: Deodar is highly valued conifer of Himalayas.
324. Pakistan’s forest cover is approximately:
(A) 1%
(B) 5%
(C) 10%
(D) 20%
✅ Correct Answer: (B) 5%
💡 Explanation: FAO 2020 estimates Pakistan’s forest cover around 5%.
325. The tallest tree species in the world is:
(A) Sequoia sempervirens
(B) Eucalyptus globulus
(C) Cedrus deodara
(D) Pinus roxburghii
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Sequoia sempervirens (Redwood)
💡 Explanation: Can grow over 115 meters tall.
326. Which system removes the entire forest crop in one operation?
(A) Clear felling system
(B) Shelterwood system
(C) Selection system
(D) Taungya system
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Clear felling system
💡 Explanation: Entire crop is felled at once and regenerated artificially.
327. The process of artificial forest establishment is called:
(A) Afforestation
(B) Deforestation
(C) Natural regeneration
(D) Forest mensuration
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Afforestation
💡 Explanation: Planting trees on non-forest land.
328. The first forestry school in Pakistan was established at:
(A) Peshawar
(B) Abbottabad
(C) Murree
(D) Lahore
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Abbottabad
💡 Explanation: Abbottabad Forestry School trains forest officers.
329. In forest policy, “sustained yield” means:
(A) Harvesting more than growth
(B) Harvesting equal to annual increment
(C) Harvesting less than growth
(D) No harvesting
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Harvesting equal to annual increment
💡 Explanation: Ensures forest resources remain available long-term.
330. Pakistan Environmental Protection Act (PEPA) was passed in:
(A) 1990
(B) 1997
(C) 2000
(D) 2005
✅ Correct Answer: (B) 1997
💡 Explanation: PEPA regulates pollution and environment in Pakistan.
331. The main forest type in Gilgit-Baltistan is:
(A) Sub-tropical dry forest
(B) Alpine forest
(C) Coniferous forest
(D) Mangrove forest
✅ Correct Answer: (C) Coniferous forest
💡 Explanation: Spruce, fir, deodar dominate high-altitude forests.
332. Which tree is widely planted for erosion control in Pakistan?
(A) Acacia nilotica
(B) Eucalyptus camaldulensis
(C) Dalbergia sissoo
(D) Populus deltoides
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Eucalyptus camaldulensis
💡 Explanation: Eucalyptus is fast-growing, stabilizes soils.
333. The “Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)” certifies forests for:
(A) Legal wood trade
(B) Sustainable forest management
(C) Tourism
(D) Fuelwood production
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Sustainable forest management
💡 Explanation: FSC promotes responsible forestry practices.
334. The “Green Pakistan Programme” was launched in:
(A) 2005
(B) 2010
(C) 2016
(D) 2021
✅ Correct Answer: (C) 2016
💡 Explanation: Aimed to increase Pakistan’s forest cover.
335. Matchsticks industry in Pakistan mainly uses:
(A) Poplar
(B) Acacia
(C) Neem
(D) Chir pine
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Poplar
💡 Explanation: Poplar is soft, light wood suitable for matchsticks.
336. The “Chipko Movement” originated in:
(A) Pakistan
(B) India
(C) Nepal
(D) Bhutan
✅ Correct Answer: (B) India
💡 Explanation: Started in Uttarakhand, India, as a forest conservation movement.
337. Which forest type is dominant in coastal areas of Sindh?
(A) Alpine forest
(B) Mangrove forest
(C) Dry tropical thorn forest
(D) Coniferous forest
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Mangrove forest
💡 Explanation: Indus delta supports mangroves like Avicennia marina.
338. The world’s first national park was:
(A) Yellowstone, USA
(B) Banff, Canada
(C) Kruger, South Africa
(D) Royal, Australia
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Yellowstone, USA (1872)
💡 Explanation: Yellowstone was the first declared national park.
339. “Taungya system” is a combination of:
(A) Trees and grazing
(B) Trees and crops
(C) Trees and fisheries
(D) Trees and wildlife
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Trees and crops
💡 Explanation: Farmers grow crops between young tree plantations.
340. Pakistan ratified the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in:
(A) 1989
(B) 1992
(C) 1994
(D) 2000
✅ Correct Answer: (C) 1994
💡 Explanation: CBD aims at conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.
341. “Sustainable forest management” means:
(A) Harvesting without regard to regeneration
(B) Continuous availability of forest goods & services
(C) Intensive deforestation
(D) Cutting more trees than growing
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Continuous availability of forest goods & services
💡 Explanation: It balances economic, ecological, and social benefits.
342. The main pollutant causing acid rain that damages forests is:
(A) CO₂
(B) SO₂
(C) CH₄
(D) O₃
✅ Correct Answer: (B) SO₂
💡 Explanation: Sulfur dioxide forms sulfuric acid in rain.
343. The “Billion Tree Tsunami Project” was initiated by:
(A) Sindh Govt
(B) KP Govt
(C) Punjab Govt
(D) Federal Govt
✅ Correct Answer: (B) KP Govt (2014)
💡 Explanation: KP government’s reforestation initiative became globally recognized.
344. Forests help in controlling floods by:
(A) Reducing rainfall
(B) Increasing evaporation
(C) Increasing infiltration & reducing runoff
(D) Absorbing groundwater
✅ Correct Answer: (C) Increasing infiltration & reducing runoff
💡 Explanation: Forest soil absorbs rainfall and slows down water flow.
345. “Keystone species” in ecology refers to:
(A) Species with no ecological role
(B) Species critical for ecosystem balance
(C) Only top predators
(D) Plants only
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Species critical for ecosystem balance
💡 Explanation: Removing keystone species disrupts the whole ecosystem.
346. Pakistan joined the UN-REDD+ Programme in:
(A) 2005
(B) 2009
(C) 2012
(D) 2016
✅ Correct Answer: (C) 2012
💡 Explanation: REDD+ supports forest carbon stock conservation.
347. The process of estimating tree age using tree rings is called:
(A) Silviculture
(B) Dendrochronology
(C) Ecology
(D) Mycology
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Dendrochronology
💡 Explanation: Each ring corresponds to one year’s growth.
348. The main cause of deforestation in Pakistan is:
(A) Urbanization
(B) Fuelwood demand
(C) Timber industry
(D) All of the above
✅ Correct Answer: (D) All of the above
💡 Explanation: Fuelwood, construction, and urbanization drive deforestation.
349. The “International Year of Forests” was celebrated in:
(A) 2000
(B) 2005
(C) 2011
(D) 2020
✅ Correct Answer: (C) 2011
💡 Explanation: UN declared 2011 as the International Year of Forests.
350. The “FAO” stands for:
(A) Food and Agriculture Organization
(B) Forest and Agriculture Organization
(C) Federation of Agroforestry Organization
(D) Forest Administration Office
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Food and Agriculture Organization
💡 Explanation: FAO is a UN agency working on food, agriculture, and forestry.
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