🌳 Batch 9: Forest Policy & Laws in Pakistan
Practice 20 MCQs on Forest Policy & Laws of Pakistan. Covers policies from 1955–2017, forest acts, provincial control, reserved forests, and climate change laws.
MCQs 261–280
261. The first Forest Policy of Pakistan was introduced in:
(A) 1947
(B) 1955
(C) 1962
(D) 1972
Correct Answer: (B) 1955
Explanation: The 1955 policy was the first attempt to regulate forest management and ensure sustainable use.
262. The Forest Act of British India, which Pakistan inherited, was enacted in:
(A) 1865
(B) 1878
(C) 1927
(D) 1947
Correct Answer: (C) 1927
Explanation: The Indian Forest Act of 1927 is still the primary legal framework for forestry in Pakistan.
263. The 1955 Forest Policy of Pakistan emphasized:
(A) Nationalization of forests
(B) Development of industrial plantations
(C) Protection of wildlife only
(D) Conversion of forests into agriculture
Correct Answer: (B) Development of industrial plantations
Explanation: The policy encouraged planting fast-growing species for industrial wood demand.
264. The 1962 Forest Policy highlighted:
(A) Commercial exploitation only
(B) Wildlife sanctuaries and watershed management
(C) Selling forests to industries
(D) Fuel wood export
Correct Answer: (B) Wildlife sanctuaries and watershed management
Explanation: This policy integrated forestry with environmental conservation.
265. The 1975 Forest Policy gave priority to:
(A) Fuelwood plantations
(B) Timber exports
(C) Agroforestry and community participation
(D) Only industrial plantations
Correct Answer: (C) Agroforestry and community participation
Explanation: It was the first to emphasize people’s participation in forest development.
266. The 1980 Forest Policy mainly focused on:
(A) Wildlife trade
(B) Fuelwood and soil conservation
(C) Conversion of forest land
(D) Timber import
Correct Answer: (B) Fuelwood and soil conservation
Explanation: It recognized the increasing domestic demand for firewood and soil erosion control.
267. The 1988 Forest Policy emphasized:
(A) Tourism only
(B) Watershed management and environmental protection
(C) Industrial expansion
(D) Export-oriented forestry
Correct Answer: (B) Watershed management and environmental protection
Explanation: Focus shifted towards protecting fragile ecosystems.
268. The 1991 Forest Policy of Pakistan introduced:
(A) Joint Forest Management (JFM)
(B) Bans on tree cutting
(C) Import liberalization
(D) Privatization of forests
Correct Answer: (A) Joint Forest Management (JFM)
Explanation: It encouraged communities to share benefits and responsibilities of forests.
269. The 2001 Forest Policy stressed:
(A) Plantation of eucalyptus only
(B) Community-based conservation and biodiversity protection
(C) Selling forests for urbanization
(D) Cutting old forests
Correct Answer: (B) Community-based conservation and biodiversity protection
Explanation: Biodiversity protection became a priority under this policy.
270. The latest comprehensive Forest Policy of Pakistan was introduced in:
(A) 2001
(B) 2010
(C) 2015
(D) 2017
Correct Answer: (D) 2017
Explanation: The National Forest Policy 2017 promotes sustainable management and climate change mitigation.
271. The 2017 Forest Policy highlights:
(A) Nationalization of timber trade
(B) Public-private partnerships and climate change adaptation
(C) Cutting down old forests for agriculture
(D) Removing community participation
Correct Answer: (B) Public-private partnerships and climate change adaptation
Explanation: It integrates forestry with global climate change commitments.
272. The Billion Tree Tsunami Project was launched by:
(A) Punjab Government
(B) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Government
(C) Federal Government
(D) Sindh Government
Correct Answer: (B) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Government
Explanation: Started in 2014, it was recognized by international organizations as a model for forest restoration.
273. The Ten Billion Tree Tsunami Project is a part of:
(A) National Forest Policy 2017
(B) Pakistan Climate Change Act 2017
(C) UNFCCC commitment
(D) Green Pakistan Program
Correct Answer: (D) Green Pakistan Program
Explanation: This initiative aims to restore ecosystems and combat climate change.
274. In Pakistan, forests are primarily a subject of:
(A) Federal Government
(B) Provincial Governments
(C) Local Municipalities
(D) International Agencies
Correct Answer: (B) Provincial Governments
Explanation: After the 18th Amendment, forestry is under provincial jurisdiction.
275. Which province of Pakistan has the largest forest cover?
(A) Punjab
(B) Sindh
(C) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
(D) Balochistan
Correct Answer: (C) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Explanation: KP has extensive coniferous forests, especially in Hazara and Malakand divisions.
276. Which of the following forests are protected under law?
(A) Reserved Forests
(B) Protected Forests
(C) Guzara Forests
(D) All of these
Correct Answer: (D) All of these
Explanation: Different categories have varying degrees of protection under the Forest Act.
277. Reserved forests mean:
(A) Forests with strict protection, access limited by law
(B) Open forests with free grazing
(C) Forests owned by local communities
(D) Forests for hunting only
Correct Answer: (A) Forests with strict protection, access limited by law
Explanation: Reserved forests enjoy the highest legal protection.
278. Guzara forests are mostly found in:
(A) Sindh
(B) Punjab
(C) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
(D) Balochistan
Correct Answer: (C) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Explanation: Guzara forests are community-owned forests managed under specific regulations.
279. Forest laws in Pakistan also aim to:
(A) Promote timber smuggling
(B) Encourage deforestation for agriculture
(C) Control illegal logging and protect biodiversity
(D) Increase only eucalyptus plantations
Correct Answer: (C) Control illegal logging and protect biodiversity
Explanation: Forest laws focus on protection and sustainable use.
280. The Pakistan Climate Change Act 2017 established:
(A) Pakistan Climate Council
(B) Forest Development Fund
(C) Wildlife Protection Board
(D) None of these
Correct Answer: (A) Pakistan Climate Council
Explanation: It oversees implementation of climate-related policies, including forestry programs.
Batch 1: Introduction to Forestry