CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs with Answers (Solved & Updated)

Introduction

Welcome to the most comprehensive collection of CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs. This section of Political Science focuses on Comparative Politics, Constitutions, International Relations, and Pakistan’s Political System. To help CSS aspirants, we have compiled past paper MCQs with comprehensive explanation.

Whether you’re preparing for CSS , PMS, or One Paper Exams, these MCQs will boost your preparation and increase your chances of success.

CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs Year-Wise

1. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2025

In France, the system of government is:
(A) Presidential
(B) Parliamentary
(C) Mixed
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Mixed
👉 France follows a semi-presidential system where power is shared between President and Prime Minister.
The Bill of Rights in the US Constitution primarily aims to:
(A) Strengthen Federal Power
(B) Protect Individual Liberties
(C) Define State Responsibilities
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Protect Individual Liberties
👉 The first ten amendments safeguard individual rights against government overreach.
What is the highest source of legal authority in the UK?
(A) The Prime Minister
(B) The Constitution
(C) Parliament
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Parliament
👉 UK follows the principle of parliamentary sovereignty; Parliament is supreme.
The French President is elected by:
(A) Lower House
(B) Popular Vote
(C) Upper House
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Popular Vote
👉 French citizens directly elect the President through universal suffrage.
What is the name of Germany’s Constitution?
(A) The Grundgesetz
(B) The Federal Charter
(C) The German Compact
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) The Grundgesetz
👉 Adopted in 1949, the Basic Law (Grundgesetz) serves as Germany’s Constitution.
The British Indian Association was formed by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in:
(A) 1862
(B) 1864
(C) 1866
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (D) None of these
👉 It was actually formed in 1851; Sir Syed was associated with the Aligarh Movement later.
ECO was formed in:
(A) 1965
(B) 1985
(C) 1975
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 1985
👉 The Economic Cooperation Organization was established to promote regional trade and development.
Which principle underpins China’s political system as per its Constitution?
(A) Rule of Law
(B) Democratic Centralism
(C) Separation of Power
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Democratic Centralism
👉 China follows a one-party system guided by democratic centralism.
The Turkish political system transitioned from Parliamentary to Presidential under which constitutional amendment?
(A) 2010
(B) 2016
(C) 2017
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 2017
👉 Constitutional referendum in 2017 enabled the presidential system in Turkey.
Parliament of Iran is a:
(A) Uni-Cameral
(B) Bi-Cameral
(C) Tri-Cameral
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Uni-Cameral
👉 Iran has a unicameral legislature called the Islamic Consultative Assembly.
Which of the following is the primary goal of the European Union?
(A) Cultural Integration
(B) Political Neutrality
(C) Economic and Political Integration
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Economic and Political Integration
👉 EU focuses on creating a single market and coordinated policies among members.
The SAARC was established to:
(A) Promote Defense Cooperation in South Asia
(B) Foster Regional Economic Cooperation
(C) Develop Cultural Ties with Europe
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Foster Regional Economic Cooperation
👉 SAARC encourages collaboration in trade, agriculture, and economic development.
The Constitution of 1956 was unique as:
(A) It declared Pakistan a republic with a federal structure
(B) It provided for a bicameral legislature for the first time
(C) It granted special power to the Judiciary
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) It declared Pakistan a republic with a federal structure
👉 Pakistan formally became a republic with federal governance under this constitution.
The number of US Presidents removed from office:
(A) 4
(B) 6
(C) 1
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (D) None of these
👉 No US President has been removed; impeached Presidents were acquitted by the Senate.
Which country was appointed the first chairman of the Decolonization Committee of the United Nations?
(A) Japan
(B) India
(C) Sweden
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) India
👉 India led the committee focused on ending colonial rule worldwide.
The National Security Council in Pakistan consists of ______ members.
(A) 8
(B) 10
(C) 12
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (D) None of these
👉 The NSC has 9 members according to the NSC Act.
Common Law is related to:
(A) Civil Liberties
(B) Franchise
(C) Law of the Land
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Law of the Land
👉 Common law is based on judicial precedents and statutes, forming the legal foundation.
For how many months, Presidential ordinance is enforced in Pakistan?
(A) 6
(B) 4
(C) 8
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 4
👉 Ordinances remain in force for 120 days (approximately 4 months) unless approved by Parliament.
The World Trade Organization (WTO) deals primarily with:
(A) Conflict resolution between nations
(B) Regulation of international trade
(C) Protection of global environment
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Regulation of international trade
👉 WTO sets rules and resolves disputes for international trade.
The Maastricht Treaty led to the creation of:
(A) European Union
(B) SAARC
(C) United Nations
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) European Union
👉 Maastricht Treaty (1992) established the EU and introduced European citizenship.

2. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2024

1. Which of the following is NOT a description of the American system of government?
(A) Federal Republic
(B) Constitutional Republic
(C) Parliamentary system
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Parliamentary system
👉 The USA is a federal constitutional republic with a presidential system, not parliamentary.

2. Germany is classified as being:
(A) A Federal Parliamentary Democracy
(B) A Constitutional Monarchy
(C) A Presidential State
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) A Federal Parliamentary Democracy
👉 Germany is a federal state with a parliamentary system led by the Chancellor.

3. Germany has a lower house of Parliament known as:
(A) Bundesrat
(B) Bundestag
(C) Reichstag
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Bundestag
👉 The Bundestag is the directly elected lower house; Bundesrat is the upper house.

4. France is classified as being:
(A) A Semi-Presidential System
(B) A Presidential System
(C) A Constitutional Monarchy
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) A Semi-Presidential System
👉 France has both a President and a Prime Minister sharing executive powers.

5. In the French political system, Executive Power is exercised by:
(A) Parliament
(B) Presidency
(C) Senate
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Presidency
👉 In France, the President is the most powerful executive authority.

6. Which of the following is NOT a member of the United Kingdom?
(A) Wales
(B) Scotland
(C) Ireland
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Ireland
👉 The UK includes England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland (not the Republic of Ireland).

7. In the United Kingdom, the Monarch is classified as being:
(A) The Head of State
(B) The Head of Government
(C) The Head of the Protestant Church
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) The Head of State
👉 The Monarch is the ceremonial Head of State; the Prime Minister is Head of Government.

8. The IMF’s series of economic recommendations for states are referred to as:
(A) Structural Adjustments
(B) Structural Modifiers
(C) Structural Realignments
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Structural Adjustments
👉 IMF’s “Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs)” are policy packages tied to loans.

9. Which of the following states are NOT members of the IMF?
(A) Turkey
(B) Nepal
(C) Argentina
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (D) None of these
👉 All three (Turkey, Nepal, Argentina) are IMF members.

10. Which country is the highest financially indebted state to the IMF?
(A) Cyprus
(B) Pakistan
(C) Russia
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Pakistan
👉 As of 2024, Pakistan is among the largest IMF borrowers.

11. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) is:
(A) An alternative donor institution to the World Bank
(B) A Commercial Bank
(C) A Private Investment House
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) An alternative donor institution to the World Bank
👉 AIIB was created as a multilateral development bank led by China.

12. The AIIB is primarily involved in:
(A) Providing loans for infrastructure development projects
(B) Providing loans for infrastructure linked with the Belt & Road Initiative
(C) Providing assistance to any state regardless of membership
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Providing loans for infrastructure development projects
👉 Its mandate is financing sustainable infrastructure projects.

13. The AIIB currently has:
(A) 111 member states
(B) 110 member states
(C) 109 member states
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 111 member states
👉 As of 2024, AIIB membership stands at 111 approved members.

14. The World Trade Organization is a successor organization to:
(A) General Agreement on Trade
(B) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
(C) Mercosur
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
👉 WTO (1995) replaced GATT (1947).

15. The European Union is a successor organization to:
(A) European Economic Community
(B) European Economic & Political Community
(C) European Coal & Steel Community
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) European Economic Community
👉 The EU evolved from the 1957 EEC.

16. The European Union is legally incorporated through which of the following?
(A) Treaty of Rome
(B) Treaty of Paris
(C) Maastricht Treaty
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Maastricht Treaty
👉 The Maastricht Treaty (1992) formally established the European Union.

17. The European Commission serves as:
(A) An advisory body to the Council of Ministers
(B) A legislative body for the European Union
(C) An executive body of the European Union
✅ Answer: (C) An executive body of the European Union
👉 The Commission acts as the EU’s executive branch.

18. Which of the following is an issue part of the agenda of Global Civil Society?
(A) Minority Rights
(B) Tariff rates in the energy sector
(C) Oil extraction rates in the Middle East
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Minority Rights
👉 NGOs and civil society movements often advocate for minority and human rights.

19. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is classified as being:
(A) A Political-Security Community
(B) An Economic Community
(C) A Socio-Cultural Community
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A), (B), and (C) (ASEAN covers all three, but usually recognized as a regional community)
👉 By its 2007 charter, ASEAN works as Political-Security, Economic, and Socio-Cultural communities.

20. The current global system of trade is underpinned with which ideological ethos?
(A) Liberalism
(B) Neo-Liberalism
(C) Libertarianism
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Neo-Liberalism
👉 Since the 1980s, neoliberalism (free markets, deregulation, privatization) dominates global trade.

3. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2023 CSS Special

1. Which constitution is considered as the founder constitution of all constitutions of the world?
(A) USA
(B) India
(C) UK
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) USA
👉 The US Constitution (1787) is the world’s first written modern constitution, influencing many others.

2. When did Britain agree to the freedom of new migrants to America?
(A) July 4, 1778
(B) July 10, 1791
(C) July 4, 1776
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) July 4, 1776
👉 The American Declaration of Independence was adopted on July 4, 1776.

3. When did America change from Confederation to Federation?
(A) 1790
(B) 1787
(C) 1795
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 1787
👉 In 1787, the US Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation, establishing a federal system.

4. How many Houses does the US Congress have?
(A) 2
(B) 1
(C) 3
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 2
👉 Congress is bicameral: Senate and House of Representatives.

5. How many types of veto power are there for the President of USA?
(A) 5
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 1
✅ Answer: (B) 3
👉 These are: regular veto, pocket veto, and line-item veto (though limited).

6. When did Judicial Review start in the US Supreme Court?
(A) 1803
(B) 1703
(C) 1805
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 1803
👉 Judicial Review was established in Marbury v. Madison (1803).

7. Which ideology became the basic ideology of Pakistan?
(A) Secularism
(B) Two Nation Theory
(C) Fundamentalism
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Two Nation Theory
👉 The Two-Nation Theory formed the foundation for the creation of Pakistan.

8. When was the Objectives Resolution passed?
(A) 1951
(B) 1956
(C) 1949
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 1949
👉 It was passed on 12 March 1949, laying down guiding principles of Pakistan’s Constitution.

9. When was the Committee of Basic Principles formed?
(A) March 12, 1949
(B) March 27, 1949
(C) March 28, 1949
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) March 12, 1949
👉 The committee was set up after the Objectives Resolution to draft constitutional principles.

10. When was Pakistan formally admitted to the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)?
(A) 21 June 2017
(B) 15 June 2017
(C) 9 June 2017
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 9 June 2017
👉 Pakistan became a full member of SCO in Astana Summit, June 2017.

11. How many countries are members of the IMF?
(A) 190
(B) 195
(C) 196
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 190
👉 As of 2023, the IMF has 190 member countries.

12. On June 29, 2023, IMF agreed with Pakistan a Stand-By Arrangement amounting to:
(A) $2.7 Billion
(B) $3 Billion
(C) $3.5 Billion
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) $3 Billion
👉 Pakistan secured a $3 billion SBA in June 2023.

13. India took up the case of Kulbhushan Jadhav in:
(A) International Criminal Court
(B) European Court of Justice
(C) International Court of Justice
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) International Court of Justice
👉 The ICJ heard the case against Pakistan regarding Kulbhushan Jadhav.

14. Where was the SAARC Summit 2014 held?
(A) Kathmandu
(B) Islamabad
(C) Delhi
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Kathmandu
👉 The 18th SAARC Summit was held in Kathmandu, Nepal.

15. Pakistan Delegation at SCOCFM held in Goa was led by:
(A) Hina Rabbani Khar
(B) Jalil Abbas Jilani
(C) Khursheed M. Kasuri
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Jalil Abbas Jilani
👉 Pakistan’s Caretaker FM Jalil Abbas Jilani led the delegation in 2023.

16. Which country joined NATO on April 4, 2023?
(A) Poland
(B) Finland
(C) Latvia
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Finland
👉 Finland became NATO’s 31st member in April 2023.

17. Pakistan hosted the 48th Session of OIC-CFM on:
(A) 10 March 2022
(B) 23 March 2022
(C) 15 March 2022
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 15 March 2022
👉 The OIC Foreign Ministers’ Summit was hosted in Islamabad.

18. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan promoted the theory of:
(A) Liberalism
(B) Secularism
(C) Two Nation Theory
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Two Nation Theory
👉 Sir Syed’s political thought emphasized Muslims and Hindus as separate nations.

19. Unitary form of government is practiced in:
(A) USA
(B) UK
(C) Pakistan
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) UK
👉 The UK has a unitary parliamentary system.

20. Pakistan’s GSP Plus Status with EU will expire on:
(A) October 2023
(B) November 2023
(C) December 2023
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) November 2023
👉 Pakistan’s GSP+ trade status was due to expire in November 2023.

4. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2022

The American Supreme Court is the ______ chamber of the Congress.
(A) First
(B) Second
(C) Third
(D) Fourth
✅ Answer: (D) Fourth
👉 The Supreme Court is part of the judicial branch, separate from the legislative Congress (Senate & House of Representatives).
Originally, the total number of States of USA was:
(A) 13
(B) 18
(C) 20
(D) 19
✅ Answer: (A) 13
👉 The original 13 colonies formed the United States in 1776.
Who was the mover of the Lahore Resolution of 1940?
(A) Ch. Mohammad Ali
(B) A. K. Fazalul Haq
(C) Liaquat Ali Khan
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) A. K. Fazalul Haq
👉 He formally presented the resolution demanding separate states for Muslims of India.
The Objective Resolution was adopted in:
(A) 1947
(B) 1949
(C) 1951
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 1947
👉 Adopted on 12 March 1949, it laid the foundation for Pakistan’s Constitution.
The quorum of House of Commons is:
(A) 20 members
(B) 30 members
(C) 40 members
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 30 members
👉 A minimum of 30 MPs must be present to conduct official business.
US Constitution consists of ______ Articles:
(A) 7
(B) 15
(C) 20
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 7
👉 The US Constitution has 7 original articles defining government structure and powers.
Islam was declared as the “State Religion” in Pakistan’s Constitution of:
(A) 1962
(B) 1973
(C) 1985
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 1973
👉 Article 2 of the 1973 Constitution declared Islam as Pakistan’s state religion.
Who is the author of the book “Friends Not Master”?
(A) Ayub Khan
(B) Altaf Gauhar
(C) Sharifuddin Pirzada
(D) Helen Bolitho
✅ Answer: (B) Altaf Gauhar
👉 The book reflects on Ayub Khan’s presidency and governance.
Who became the first Muslim President of Indian National Congress?
(A) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
(B) Abdul Kalam Azad
(C) Syed Amir Ali
(D) Badruddin Tyab
✅ Answer: (B) Abdul Kalam Azad
👉 Maulana Azad was the first Muslim leader to head the Congress Party.
The first Prime Minister of Britain was:
(A) Baldwin
(B) Chamberlain
(C) Robert Walpole
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Robert Walpole
👉 Walpole is considered Britain’s first de facto Prime Minister (1721–1742).
Who was the President of US during the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962?
(A) Richard Nixon
(B) J. F. Kennedy
(C) Eisenhower
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) J. F. Kennedy
👉 Kennedy confronted the USSR during the Cuban Missile Crisis, avoiding nuclear war.
Who was the Prime Minister of India during the 1971 crisis?
(A) Lal Bahadur Shastri
(B) Indira Gandhi
(C) Zakir Hussain
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Indira Gandhi
👉 Indira Gandhi led India during the 1971 war and Bangladesh Liberation.
China became a communist state under Mao Zedong in the year:
(A) 1948
(B) 1949
(C) 1947
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 1949
👉 Mao established the People’s Republic of China on 1 October 1949.
Who wrote the book “Last Days of British Raj in India”?
(A) Mosley Leonard
(B) Bob Woodward
(C) Stanley Wolpert
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Stanley Wolpert
👉 Wolpert wrote extensively on modern Indian history.
Statue of Liberty was given to USA by:
(A) Britain
(B) France
(C) Canada
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) France
👉 Gifted in 1886 as a symbol of freedom and friendship.
Demarcating constituencies for election of the members of Congress is known as:
(A) Lobbying
(B) Gerrymandering
(C) Snap Elections
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Gerrymandering
👉 Redrawing district boundaries to favor a political party.
The first American President was:
(A) Abraham Lincoln
(B) George Washington
(C) James Madison
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) George Washington
👉 Washington became the first US President in 1789.
Two terms tenure of US President was fixed in:
(A) 1748
(B) 1848
(C) 1948
(D) 1951
✅ Answer: (D) 1951
👉 The 22nd Amendment limited Presidents to two terms.
Tenure of an American Senator is:
(A) 5 years
(B) 4 years
(C) 6 years
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 6 years
👉 US Senators serve staggered six-year terms.
Magna Carta was signed in:
(A) 1215
(B) 1629
(C) 1688
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 1215
👉 Magna Carta limited the powers of the English monarch and established rule of law.

5. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2021

Fascism as a political theory originated in:
(A) France
(B) Germany
(C) Italy (Mussolini)
(D) Russia
✅ Answer: (C) Italy (Mussolini)
👉 Mussolini developed fascism as a political ideology in Italy in the early 20th century.
The Spirit of Laws was written by:
(A) John Locke
(B) J.S. Mill
(C) Montesquieu
(D) Edmund Burke
✅ Answer: (C) Montesquieu
👉 Montesquieu advocated separation of powers in his famous work The Spirit of Laws (1748).
Siyasat Nama was written by:
(A) Nizam-uL-Mulk
(B) Al-Ghazali
(C) Ibn-Khaldun
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Nizam-uL-Mulk
👉 Siyasat Nama is a treatise on governance and statecraft written in the 11th century.
Who wrote the book Jinnah of Pakistan?
(A) Bob Woodward
(B) Stanley Wolpert
(C) Khushwant Singh
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Stanley Wolpert
👉 Wolpert’s biography of Quaid-e-Azam focuses on his role in the creation of Pakistan.
Statue of Liberty was given to USA by:
(A) Britain
(B) France
(C) Canada
(D) Italy
✅ Answer: (B) France
👉 The statue, gifted in 1886, symbolizes freedom and friendship.
Demarcating constituencies for election of members of Congress is known as:
(A) Lobbying
(B) Gerrymandering
(C) Snap Elections
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Gerrymandering
👉 Redrawing electoral boundaries to favor a political party or group.
A Muslim Philosopher Abu Hamid Bin Muhammad, born in 1058 AD, is commonly known as:
(A) Al-Ghazali
(B) Al-Mawardi
(C) Ibn-e-Khaldun
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Al-Ghazali
👉 Al-Ghazali was a prominent Islamic scholar and philosopher.
Machiavelli by birth was:
(A) Italian
(B) French
(C) German
(D) Spanish
✅ Answer: (A) Italian
👉 Niccolò Machiavelli was an Italian political thinker and diplomat.
Who is known as the “Iron Lady”?
(A) Condoleezza Rice
(B) Margaret Thatcher
(C) Indira Gandhi
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Margaret Thatcher
👉 Thatcher was the Prime Minister of the UK and earned the nickname for her strong leadership.
Any British national is eligible to become a member of House of Commons if he has attained the age of:
(A) 18 years
(B) 21 years
(C) 25 years
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 25 years
👉 Minimum age requirement to be elected to the House of Commons.
“Justice is giving everyone his due” is said by:
(A) Rousseau
(B) Hobbes
(C) Aristotle
(D) Plato
✅ Answer: (C) Aristotle
👉 Aristotle’s classical definition of justice emphasizes fairness and proportionality.
Leviathan was written by:
(A) Hegel
(B) James Mill
(C) Hobbes
(D) J.S. Mill
✅ Answer: (C) Hobbes
👉 Hobbes’ Leviathan (1651) discusses the social contract and absolute sovereignty.
Who wrote the book Pakistan, The Heart of Asia?
(A) Liaquat Ali Khan
(B) Quaid-e-Azam
(C) Zia-ul-Haq
(D) Nasir Ali
✅ Answer: (D) Nasir Ali
👉 The book provides insights into Pakistan’s geopolitical importance.
Ahya-ul-Uloom is the work of:
(A) Al-Farabi
(B) Al-Mawardi
(C) Al-Ghazali
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Al-Ghazali
👉 A major work on Islamic philosophy and education.
How many articles are there in the unamended Constitution of 1973?
(A) 208
(B) 320
(C) 280
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 208
👉 The original 1973 Constitution had 208 articles before amendments.
Who is the author of the famous book, The Spirit of Islam (1897)?
(A) Muhammad Iqbal
(B) Justice Amir Ali
(C) Sir Syed Ahmed
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Sir Syed Ahmed
👉 Sir Syed Ahmad Khan wrote on Islamic revival and modern education.
Despotism means:
(A) Rule of individual based on law
(B) Rule of individual without law
(C) Democracy
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Rule of individual without law
👉 Absolute power exercised arbitrarily without legal constraints.
Referendum was conducted for approval of 1982 Constitution of Turkey on:
(A) 17 November 1982
(B) 27 November 1981
(C) 7 November 1982
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 17 November 1982
👉 The referendum approved the 1982 Constitution post-military coup.
Under which amendment Anti-Floor Crossing Bill was passed by Senate on June 30, 1997 and by National Assembly on July 1, 1997?
(A) 15th
(B) 13th
(C) 12th
(D) 14th
✅ Answer: (A) 15th
👉 The 15th Amendment strengthened party discipline and addressed floor crossing.
In which year did Muslim League demand constitutional reforms in India?
(A) 1928
(B) 1929
(C) 1930
(D) 1927
✅ Answer: (A) 1928
👉 The Muslim League passed resolutions demanding reforms to safeguard Muslim interests.

6. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2020

. Objective Resolution was passed on:
(A) 23 March, 1964
(B) 12 March, 1949
(C) 14 August, 1956
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 12 March, 1949
👉 The Objective Resolution was a foundational constitutional document passed by Pakistan’s Constituent Assembly.

2. The briefest constitution of the world is of:
(A) India
(B) New Zealand
(C) UK
(D) USA
✅ Answer: (B) New Zealand
👉 New Zealand has one of the shortest constitutions; India has the lengthiest written one.

3. The number of members of Electoral College in USA is:
(A) 537
(B) 538
(C) 539
(D) 534
✅ Answer: (B) 538
👉 It consists of 435 Representatives, 100 Senators, and 3 electors from D.C.

4. Which of the following countries has no party system?
(A) Libya
(B) Saudi Arabia
(C) Japan
(D) Russia
✅ Answer: (B) Saudi Arabia
👉 Saudi Arabia has an absolute monarchy with no political party system.

5. The Father of Russian Revolution is:
(A) Kerensky
(B) Trotsky
(C) Karl Marx
(D) Lenin
✅ Answer: (D) Lenin
👉 Vladimir Lenin led the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917.

6. Who was the President of USA at the time of creation of Pakistan (1947)?
(A) Theodore Roosevelt
(B) John Adams
(C) Harry Truman
(D) Woodrow Wilson
✅ Answer: (C) Harry Truman
👉 Truman was the U.S. President from 1945–1953.

7. How many countries have unwritten constitutions?
(A) 3
(B) 5
(C) 7
(D) 8
✅ Answer: (A) 3
👉 UK, New Zealand, and Israel are generally regarded as countries with unwritten constitutions.

8. The Estrada Doctrine is concerned with:
(A) Intervention
(B) Custom
(C) State Succession
(D) Recognition
✅ Answer: (D) Recognition
👉 Mexican foreign policy doctrine (1930) on recognition of governments.

9. The Glorious Revolution in England occurred in:
(A) 1608
(B) 1688
(C) 1655
(D) 1680
✅ Answer: (B) 1688
👉 It established constitutional monarchy under William and Mary.

10. When was the Constitution of India enforced?
(A) August 15, 1947
(B) October 2, 1952
(C) January 26, 1950
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) January 26, 1950
👉 Republic Day of India marks enforcement of its constitution.

11. The membership of US Electoral College stands at:
(A) 536
(B) 538
(C) 540
(D) 545
✅ Answer: (B) 538
👉 Confirming again, the U.S. Electoral College has 538 electors.

12. Who was the President of USA during World War II?
(A) Theodore Roosevelt
(B) Franklin D. Roosevelt
(C) James Buchanan
(D) Woodrow Wilson
✅ Answer: (B) Franklin D. Roosevelt
👉 FDR led the U.S. from 1933 until his death in 1945.

13. Which party system is found in Italy?
(A) No party system
(B) Single party system
(C) Double party system
(D) Multi party system
✅ Answer: (D) Multi party system
👉 Italy has a multiparty parliamentary system.

14. The voting age in the U.S.A is:
(A) 18 years
(B) 19 years
(C) 20 years
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 18 years
👉 Reduced from 21 to 18 through the 26th Amendment (1971).

15. Balance of power in international relations refers to:
(A) Comparing the policies of European nations
(B) Flexibility and stability of states
(C) Policies of non-alliance
(D) Matching the power of one state against another
✅ Answer: (D) Matching the power of one state against another
👉 Balance of power prevents domination by any single state.

16. The chief instrument of foreign policy is:
(A) Elections
(B) Intelligence
(C) Diplomacy
(D) United Nations
✅ Answer: (C) Diplomacy
👉 Diplomacy is the main tool to manage relations among states.

17. Imperialism refers to:
(A) Rule by a monarchy
(B) Influence by one nation over another
(C) Mercantilism
(D) Superiority of one race over another
✅ Answer: (B) Influence by one nation over another
👉 Imperialism involves political, economic, or cultural domination.

18. Watergate scandal came to light in:
(A) 1973
(B) 1974
(C) 1975
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 1973
👉 The scandal forced U.S. President Richard Nixon to resign in 1974.

19. Who is known as the “Iron Lady”?
(A) Condoleezza Rice
(B) Margaret Thatcher
(C) Indira Gandhi
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Margaret Thatcher
👉 The UK’s first woman Prime Minister, 1979–1990.

20. French system of government is:
(A) Semi-Presidential
(B) Parliamentary
(C) Mixed
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Semi-Presidential
👉 The Fifth Republic (1958) introduced a semi-presidential system.

7. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2019

The American Congress consists of:
(A) 535 members
(B) 536 members
(C) 538 members
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 535 members
👉 Congress = House of Representatives (435) + Senate (100).

2. The National Security Council in Pakistan consists of:
(A) 8 members
(B) 10 members
(C) 12 members
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 10 members
👉 It included civilian and military members; composition has varied but 10 is standard.

3. Basic Democracies were introduced in Pakistan in:
(A) 1960
(B) 1962
(C) 1964
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 1960
👉 Ayub Khan introduced the Basic Democracies system in 1960 to create a controlled form of local government.

4. Ali Khamenei is:
(A) Chairman of the Guardian Council
(B) Spiritual leader of Iran
(C) Nuclear chief delegate
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Spiritual leader of Iran
👉 Ali Khamenei is Iran’s Supreme Leader since 1989.

5. Abdul Kalam was a:
(A) Foreign Minister of Bangladesh
(B) Minister of Sri Lanka
(C) President of India (now Pratibha Patel succeeded him)
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) President of India
👉 Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam served as President of India (2002–2007).

6. Lok Sabha is elected for:
(A) 4 years
(B) 5 years
(C) 6 years
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 5 years
👉 Lok Sabha is India’s lower house, elected for 5 years unless dissolved earlier.

7. The Turkish President is elected for:
(A) 5 years
(B) 6 years
(C) 7 years
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 5 years
👉 As per the 2007 constitutional amendment, Turkish President’s term is 5 years.

8. Russian President is elected for:
(A) 4 years (6 years from 2012)
(B) 5 years
(C) 6 years
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 4 years (6 years from 2012)
👉 Before 2012: 4 years. After constitutional reform: 6 years.

9. The Turkish Grand National Assembly consists of:
(A) 450 members
(B) 500 members
(C) 550 members
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 550 members
👉 Before 2018, it had 550 seats. Later amended to 600.

10. Who was the main leader of China after independence?
(A) Lio Shao Chi
(B) Mao Tse Tung (Mao Zedong)
(C) Chu Teh
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Mao Tse Tung
👉 Mao led the Communist Party to victory in 1949 and became founding father of the PRC.

11. The Iranian Constitution consists of:
(A) 150 Articles
(B) 175 Articles
(C) 190 Articles
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 175 Articles
👉 The Constitution of Iran (1979, amended 1989) contains 175 articles.

12. Pakistan’s National Assembly is elected for:
(A) 4 years
(B) 5 years
(C) 6 years
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 5 years
👉 Article 51 of the Constitution of Pakistan fixes tenure at 5 years.

13. The National People’s Congress in China is elected for:
(A) 4 years
(B) 5 years
(C) 6 years
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 5 years
👉 NPC, China’s highest legislative body, is elected for 5 years.

14. Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah died on:
(A) September 11, 1947
(B) September 11, 1948
(C) October 11, 1949
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) September 11, 1948
👉 Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan, passed away on 11 September 1948 in Karachi.

15. Legislative powers of House of Lords in Britain were curtailed by:
(A) Bill of Rights of 1689
(B) Magna Carta of 1215
(C) The Parliament Act of 1911
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) The Parliament Act of 1911
👉 This act reduced the Lords’ power to delay money bills and limited veto powers.

16. The position of the King was subordinated to Parliament by:
(A) The Parliament Act of 1949
(B) The Glorious Revolution of 1688
(C) The Statute of Westminster
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) The Glorious Revolution of 1688
👉 The revolution established parliamentary supremacy over the monarchy.

17. In which year did Muslim League demand constitutional reforms in India?
(A) 1928
(B) 1929
(C) 1930
(D) 1927
✅ Answer: (B) 1929
👉 Jinnah’s 14 Points (1929) demanded constitutional reforms and rights for Muslims.

18. Vice-President is the presiding officer of the upper house of legislature in:
(A) United States of America
(B) India
(C) Both A & B
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Both A & B
👉 In both the USA (Senate) and India (Rajya Sabha), the Vice President presides over the upper house.

19. Tenure of French Senate is:
(A) 5 years
(B) 4 years
(C) 6 years
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 6 years
👉 French Senators serve 6-year terms, with partial renewal every 3 years.

20. The Constitution of India was promulgated on:
(A) 26th November 1949
(B) 21st February 1948
(C) 26th January 1950
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 26th January 1950
👉 Though adopted on 26 November 1949, it came into force on 26 January 1950.

8. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2018

1. The American Congress consists of:
(A) 535 members
(B) 536 members
(C) 538 members
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 535 members
👉 Congress = House of Representatives (435) + Senate (100).

19. Tenure of French Senate is:
(A) 5 years
(B) 4 years
(C) 6 years
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 6 years
👉 French Senators serve 6-year terms, with partial renewal every 3 years.

9. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2017

1. Famous book written by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan is:
(A) Leviathan
(B) The Republic
(C) The Clouds
(D) Loyal Muhammadans of India
✅ Answer: (D) Loyal Muhammadans of India
👉 Sir Syed wrote this book in 1860 to defend Indian Muslims and highlight their loyalty to the British after 1857.

2. Who signed Lucknow Pact from Muslim League side?
(A) Maulana Zafar Ali Khan
(B) Quaid-e-Azam
(C) Molvi Fazal-ul-Haq
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Quaid-e-Azam
👉 In 1916, Jinnah represented the Muslim League at Lucknow and signed the pact with Congress leaders.

3. Basic Democracies for elections were introduced by:
(A) Zia-ul-Haq
(B) Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto
(C) Ayub Khan
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Ayub Khan
👉 General Ayub Khan launched the Basic Democracies system in 1960 for controlled local government elections.

4. Shariat Bill was which amendment?
(A) 7th amendment
(B) 8th amendment
(C) 9th amendment
(D) 10th amendment
✅ Answer: (C) 9th amendment
👉 The 9th Amendment (1985) sought to enforce Shariah law as the supreme law in Pakistan.

5. Horse Trading Bill was signed in which year?
(A) 1995
(B) 1996
(C) 1997
(D) 1998
✅ Answer: (C) 1997
👉 The anti-defection (horse trading) law came through the 14th Amendment in 1997.

6. Members elected from the Centre in “Lok Sabha”, the Lower House of India are only:
(A) 10
(B) 20
(C) 30
(D) 40
✅ Answer: (B) 20
👉 The Indian Constitution reserves 20 Lok Sabha seats for Union Territories.

7. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was offered a job in 1839 of a:
(A) Clerk
(B) Sub-Judge
(C) Chief Judge
(D) Naib-Munshi at Agra
✅ Answer: (D) Naib-Munshi at Agra
👉 He began his career as Naib Munshi in Agra before joining judicial services.

8. Due to Gandhi’s non-cooperation movement Quaid-e-Azam resigned from Congress in:
(A) 1920
(B) 1921
(C) 1923
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 1920
👉 Jinnah disagreed with Gandhi’s methods of agitation and left Congress in 1920.

9. The 1st regular session of All India Muslim League was held at Karachi on 29–30 December of the year:
(A) 1905
(B) 1906
(C) 1907
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 1907
👉 The Muslim League was formed in 1906 at Dhaka, and its first annual session took place in 1907 at Karachi.

10. The Constitution Committee under Abdul Hafeez Pirzada presented the draft Constitution of 1973 on:
(A) 2nd February, 1973
(B) 12th February, 1973
(C) 12th April, 1973
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 12th February, 1973
👉 The draft Constitution was presented on 12 February 1973, later passed and enforced in April 1973.

11. Under which amendment was the Anti-Floor Crossing Bill passed (Senate: June 30, 1997; NA: July 1, 1997)?
(A) 15th
(B) 12th
(C) 13th
(D) 14th
✅ Answer: (D) 14th Amendment
👉 The 14th Amendment (1997) made defection illegal and banned floor crossing.

12. Official name of China which emerged on 1st October 1949 is:
(A) Nationalist Republic of China
(B) People’s Republic of China
(C) Communist Republic of China
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) People’s Republic of China
👉 On 1 October 1949, Mao Zedong declared the establishment of the People’s Republic of China (PRC).

13. Turkey was declared a Republic on:
(A) 1st November 1922
(B) 29th October 1923
(C) 3rd March 1924
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 29th October 1923
👉 After the abolition of the Sultanate, Turkey was declared a Republic under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.

14. Upper House of Indian Parliament is commonly known as:
(A) Lok Sabha
(B) Rajya Sabha
(C) Vidhan Parishad
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Rajya Sabha
👉 Rajya Sabha (Council of States) is the upper house of Indian Parliament.

15. Lahore Resolution of 23rd March 1940 was moved by:
(A) Chaudhry Rehmat Ali
(B) Molvi Fazal-ul-Haq
(C) Chaudhry Khaliq-uz-Zaman
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Molvi Fazal-ul-Haq
👉 The Lahore Resolution was presented by A.K. Fazlul Haq (Premier of Bengal).

16. Any British national is eligible to become a member of House of Commons if he has attained the age of:
(A) 18 years
(B) 25 years
(C) 21 years
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 18 years
👉 After reforms, the minimum age to contest for House of Commons is 18 years.

17. The President of China is elected by:
(A) The National People’s Congress
(B) Citizens of China
(C) The State Council
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) The National People’s Congress
👉 The NPC formally elects the President of China.

18. American autonomy was admitted by the British Empire in the year:
(A) 1776
(B) 1783
(C) 1786
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 1783
👉 The Treaty of Paris (1783) ended the Revolutionary War and Britain recognized American independence.

19. Lenin was elected as President on:
(A) 24 October 1917
(B) 25 October 1917
(C) 21 November 1918
(D) 8 November 1917
✅ Answer: (D) 8 November 1917
👉 After the October Revolution, Lenin became head of Soviet state on 8 November 1917.

20. Approval of any draft at House of Lords requires minimum presence of:
(A) 30 members
(B) 20 members
(C) 40 members
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 40 members
👉 The quorum for House of Lords is 40 members.

10. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2016

1. Who was the President of Pakistan during the India-China war of 1962?
(A) Ghulam Mohammad
(B) Iskandar Mirza
(C) Ayub Khan
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Ayub Khan
👉 Field Marshal Ayub Khan was Pakistan’s President from 1958–1969, including the 1962 Sino-Indian war.

2. Name the author of the book The Great Tragedy and Myth of Independence.
(A) Z. A. Bhutto
(B) S. M. Zafar
(C) Shahid Javed Burki
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Z. A. Bhutto
👉 Both books were written by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, criticizing Pakistan’s political and foreign policy failures.

3. Members of the Punjab Boundary Commission on behalf of Pakistan (Redcliffe Commission):
(A) Justice Din Muhammad
(B) Justice Muhammad Munir
(C) Justice M. Akram
(D) Both A & B
✅ Answer: (D) Both A & B
👉 Pakistan nominated Justice Din Muhammad and Justice Muhammad Munir in the 1947 Punjab Boundary Commission.

4. IPRI stands for:
(A) Iqra Policy Research Institute
(B) Islamabad Policy Research Institute
(C) International Policy Research Institute
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Islamabad Policy Research Institute
👉 IPRI is a major Pakistani think-tank based in Islamabad.

5. Referendum for approval of 1982 Constitution of Turkey was held on:
(A) 17 November 1982
(B) 27 November 1981
(C) 7 November 1982
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 7 November 1982
👉 The Turkish Constitution was approved via referendum on 7 November 1982.

6. The US President during the Iran Hostage Crisis (1979–81) was:
(A) Reagan
(B) Ford
(C) Jimmy Carter
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Jimmy Carter
👉 52 American diplomats were held hostage in Tehran during Carter’s presidency.

7. The Eighth Amendment in Pakistan’s Constitution was adopted in:
(A) 1985
(B) 1986
(C) 1987
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 1985
👉 It gave the President power to dissolve assemblies (Article 58(2)(b)).

8. The first government of USA was based on Articles of:
(A) Federation
(B) Confederation
(C) Unitary State
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Confederation
👉 The Articles of Confederation (1781–1789) served as America’s first constitution.

9. Islam was declared as State Religion in Constitution of:
(A) 1962
(B) 1973
(C) 1985
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 1973
👉 Article 2 of the 1973 Constitution declared Islam the state religion of Pakistan.

10. The first American President was:
(A) Abraham Lincoln
(B) George Washington
(C) James Madison
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) George Washington
👉 Washington served as the first US President from 1789–1797.

11. Objectives Resolution was passed on:
(A) 23 March 1949
(B) 12 March 1949
(C) 14 August 1956
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 12 March 1949
👉 The Objectives Resolution became the ideological foundation of Pakistan’s constitution.

12. Stanley Wolpert is the author of:
(A) Jinnah of Pakistan
(B) Emergence of Pakistan
(C) India Wins Freedom
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Jinnah of Pakistan
👉 This biography is considered the most authoritative work on Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

13. Watergate scandal came to light in:
(A) 1973
(B) 1974
(C) 1975
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 1973
👉 The scandal exposed in 1973 led to President Nixon’s resignation in 1974.

14. Known as the “Iron Lady”:
(A) Condoleezza Rice
(B) Margaret Thatcher
(C) Indira Gandhi
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Margaret Thatcher
👉 Former UK Prime Minister (1979–1990), famous for her tough conservative policies.

15. Tenure of an American Senator is:
(A) 3 years
(B) 4 years
(C) 5 years
(D) 6 years
✅ Answer: (D) 6 years
👉 US Senators serve for six years, with one-third elected every two years.

16. The State of Britain is:
(A) Confederation
(B) Unitary
(C) Federation
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Unitary
👉 The United Kingdom is a unitary state, though it allows devolved governments in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.

17. Magna Carta was signed in:
(A) 1215
(B) 1629
(C) 1688
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) 1215
👉 Magna Carta (1215) limited the powers of the English king and became a foundation of constitutionalism.

18. Total number of Articles in the French Constitution is:
(A) 92
(B) 130
(C) 240
(D) 89
✅ Answer: (D) 89
👉 The French Constitution of 1958 (Fifth Republic) originally contained 89 Articles.

19. French system of government is:
(A) Semi-Presidential
(B) Parliamentary
(C) Dictatorship
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Semi-Presidential
👉 France has a dual executive system, where both President and Prime Minister share powers.

20. Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah spent his last days at:
(A) Ziarat (Balochistan)
(B) Quetta
(C) Karachi
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Ziarat (Balochistan)
👉 Jinnah stayed at Ziarat Residency during his illness in 1948.

CSS Political Science Paper 1 All MCQs

CSS Pakistan Affairs Past Paper All MCQs

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📑 Year-Wise Past Paper MCQs (CSS Political Science Paper 2)

Conclusion

With this Master MCQs Collection for Political Science Paper 2, you’ll be well-prepared for CSS, PMS, and other competitive exams. Keep practicing daily, and In Sha Allah, success will be yours.

Introduction

CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs Year-Wise

1. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2025

2. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2024

3. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2023 CSS Special

4. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2022

5. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2021

6. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2020

7. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2019

8. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2018

9. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2017

10. CSS Political Science Paper 2 MCQs 2016

📑 Year-Wise Past Paper MCQs (CSS Political Science Paper 2)

CSS 2025 Political Science Paper 2 MCQs

CSS 2024 Political Science Paper 2 MCQs

CSS Special 2023 Political Science Paper 2 MCQs

CSS 2022 Political Science Paper 2 MCQs

CSS 2021 Political Science Paper 2 MCQs

CSS 2020 Political Science Paper 2 MCQs

CSS 2019Political Science Paper 2 MCQs

CSS 2018 Political Science Paper 2 MCQs

CSS 2017 Political Science Paper 2 MCQs

CSS 2016 Political Science Paper 2 MCQs

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