Introduction
The 2023 Political Science Paper 1 MCQs cover core topics including political philosophy, state theory, governance, constitutional law, and Islamic political thought. These questions test candidates’ knowledge of both Western and Muslim thinkers, historical treaties, modern political developments, and important political concepts. Practicing past paper MCQs with explanations not only helps memorization but also strengthens conceptual clarity, making preparation for the CSS exam more effective.
Political Science Paper 1 – MCQs (2023 with Answers)
Q1: The author of “An Essay Concerning Human Understanding” is:
(A) John Locke
(B) Thomas Hobbes
(C) J. J. Rousseau
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) John Locke
👉 Locke’s work is foundational in empiricism, emphasizing that knowledge comes from experience.
Q2: How many states’ assent is required to block amendment in US Constitution?
(A) 11
(B) 13
(C) 15
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 13
👉 According to Article V, 13 states’ rejection can prevent a constitutional amendment.
Q3: Treaty of Westphalia was signed in:
(A) 1600
(B) 1640
(C) 1648
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 1648
👉 It ended the Thirty Years’ War and established the principle of state sovereignty in Europe.
Q4: Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf was formed in:
(A) 1885
(B) 1996
(C) 2000
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 1996
👉 Founded by Imran Khan, PTI became a major political party in Pakistan.
Q5: What is the party symbol of Republican Party of USA?
(A) Elephant
(B) Horse
(C) Donkey
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Elephant
👉 The elephant symbolizes strength and dignity for the Republican Party.
Q6: When did Pakistan join World Trade Organization?
(A) 2000
(B) 2005
(C) 2007
(D) 1995
✅ Answer: (D) 1995
👉 Pakistan became a member on 1 January 1995 when WTO was established.
Q7: Which US amendment provides women rights?
(A) 18
(B) 19
(C) 20
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 19
👉 The 19th Amendment (1920) granted women the right to vote in the USA.
Q8: What is the population strength of Plato’s ideal state?
(A) 1012
(B) 1500
(C) 5040
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 5040
👉 Plato suggested 5040 citizens in The Republic for an ideal, stable state.
Q9: The End of History and the Last Man by Francis Fukuyama was written in:
(A) 1990
(B) 1992
(C) 2000
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) 1992
👉 Fukuyama argued that liberal democracy marks the endpoint of political evolution.
Q10: Muhammad Rashid Rida was born in:
(A) 1789
(B) 1800
(C) 1865
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) 1865
👉 Rida was a key Islamic reformist and thinker influencing modern Islamic thought.
Q11: Capital of Malaysia:
(A) Putrajaya
(B) Miri
(C) Peng Rang
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Putrajaya
👉 Putrajaya serves as the administrative capital of Malaysia.
Q12: Aristotle’s preferred method for reasoning:
(A) Syllogism
(B) Deductive method
(C) Inductive method
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Syllogism
👉 Aristotle developed syllogistic logic as a structured method for reasoning.
Q13: Allama Iqbal did his PhD in 1907 from:
(A) Oxford University
(B) London University
(C) Munich University
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Munich University
👉 Iqbal earned his doctorate with a dissertation on Persian philosophy in 1907.
Q14: Who said “Law is the command of a determinate sovereign”?
(A) John Austin
(B) John Locke
(C) Laski
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) John Austin
👉 Austin developed the theory of legal positivism defining law as commands from a sovereign.
Q15: Nizam-ul-Tusi appointed as a Professor in Al Nizamiyya of Baghdad:
(A) Ibn-e-Rushd
(B) Al Ghazali
(C) Al Mawardi
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Al Ghazali
👉 Al-Ghazali was a leading Islamic scholar and taught at Nizamiyya in Baghdad.
Q16: Who wrote the book The Social Contract, which proposed that governments are based on a social contract between rulers and the ruled?
(A) Thomas Hobbes
(B) John Locke
(C) Jean Jacques Rousseau
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Jean Jacques Rousseau
👉 Rousseau emphasized that political authority must derive from the general will of the people.
Q17: What US incident created judicial review?
(A) Civil War
(B) Madison Case
(C) Slavery
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Madison Case
👉 Marbury v. Madison (1803) established the principle of judicial review in the US.
Q18: A political system governed by wealthy people is known as:
(A) Monarchy
(B) Aristocracy
(C) Plutocracy
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (C) Plutocracy
👉 In a plutocracy, political power is concentrated in the hands of the wealthy.
Q19: The ideas of Aristotle are more acceptable to the West due to:
(A) Rule of law
(B) Democracy
(C) Socialism
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (A) Rule of law
👉 Aristotle emphasized law as the highest authority, influencing Western legal systems.
Q20: Hajjat Ul Balagah was written by:
(A) Ibn-e-Rushd
(B) Shah Wali Ullah
(C) Imam Ghazali
(D) None of these
✅ Answer: (B) Shah Wali Ullah
👉 A key Islamic political and ethical work advocating reform and revival of Islamic principles.
CSS 2025 Political Science Paper 1 MCQs
CSS 2024 Political Science Paper 1 MCQs
Conclusion
The 2023 Political Science Paper 1 MCQs cover a wide spectrum of political philosophy, constitutional knowledge, Islamic thought, and contemporary politics. Reviewing these MCQs with concise explanations allows CSS aspirants to understand key concepts, remember critical facts, and improve their overall preparation strategy for the exam.