Batch 6: Democratic Transition (1988–1999)
1. Who became the first woman Prime Minister of Pakistan in 1988?
(A) Begum Rana Liaquat Ali Khan
(B) Benazir Bhutto
(C) Fatima Jinnah
(D) None of these
✅ Correct Answer: B. Benazir Bhutto
🔹 Explanation: After Zia’s death in 1988, PPP won elections and Benazir Bhutto became the first female PM of Pakistan and the Muslim world.
2. When did Benazir Bhutto first take oath as Prime Minister?
(A) November 1988
(B) December 1988
(C) January 1989
(D) March 1989
✅ Correct Answer: B. December 1988
🔹 Explanation: Benazir was sworn in as PM on 2 December 1988.
3. Who was the President of Pakistan during Benazir Bhutto’s first tenure?
(A) Zia-ul-Haq
(B) Ghulam Ishaq Khan
(C) Rafiq Tarar
(D) Farooq Leghari
✅ Correct Answer: B. Ghulam Ishaq Khan
🔹 Explanation: Ghulam Ishaq Khan became President after Zia’s death and served during Benazir’s first tenure.
4. When was Benazir Bhutto’s first government dismissed?
(A) 1989
(B) 1990
(C) 1991
(D) 1992
✅ Correct Answer: B. 1990
🔹 Explanation: Benazir’s first government was dismissed by President Ghulam Ishaq Khan in August 1990 on charges of corruption and mismanagement.
5. Who became Prime Minister after Benazir’s dismissal in 1990?
(A) Nawaz Sharif
(B) Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi
(C) Moeen Qureshi
(D) None of these
✅ Correct Answer: A. Nawaz Sharif
🔹 Explanation: Nawaz Sharif became PM in November 1990 after winning elections with support of Islami Jamhoori Ittehad (IJI).
6. When did Pakistan launch its economic liberalization reforms under Nawaz Sharif?
(A) 1989
(B) 1990
(C) 1991
(D) 1993
✅ Correct Answer: C. 1991
🔹 Explanation: Nawaz Sharif introduced privatization and economic reforms in 1991, focusing on free-market policies.
7. Which amendment curtailed presidential powers and was passed during Nawaz’s government?
(A) 10th Amendment
(B) 11th Amendment
(C) 12th Amendment
(D) 13th Amendment
✅ Correct Answer: D. 13th Amendment
🔹 Explanation: The 13th Amendment (1997) removed the President’s power to dissolve assemblies under Article 58(2)(b).
8. Who dismissed Nawaz Sharif’s first government in 1993?
(A) Ghulam Ishaq Khan
(B) Farooq Leghari
(C) Rafiq Tarar
(D) None of these
✅ Correct Answer: A. Ghulam Ishaq Khan
🔹 Explanation: President Ghulam Ishaq Khan dismissed Nawaz’s government in April 1993, but the Supreme Court later restored it.
9. Who became caretaker Prime Minister in 1993 after Nawaz’s resignation?
(A) Moeen Qureshi
(B) Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi
(C) Balakh Sher Mazari
(D) None of these
✅ Correct Answer: A. Moeen Qureshi
🔹 Explanation: After a power struggle between Nawaz and Ishaq Khan, both resigned, and Moeen Qureshi became caretaker PM in 1993.
10. When did Benazir Bhutto return as Prime Minister?
(A) 1992
(B) 1993
(C) 1994
(D) 1995
✅ Correct Answer: B. 1993
🔹 Explanation: Benazir returned to power in October 1993 elections, serving her second tenure as PM.
11. Who was the President during Benazir’s second tenure?
(A) Ghulam Ishaq Khan
(B) Farooq Leghari
(C) Rafiq Tarar
(D) None of these
✅ Correct Answer: B. Farooq Leghari
🔹 Explanation: Farooq Leghari, a PPP member, became President in 1993.
12. When was Benazir Bhutto’s second government dismissed?
(A) 1995
(B) 1996
(C) 1997
(D) 1998
✅ Correct Answer: B. 1996
🔹 Explanation: Benazir’s second government was dismissed by President Farooq Leghari in November 1996 on charges of corruption and lawlessness.
13. Who became caretaker Prime Minister after Benazir’s dismissal in 1996?
(A) Malik Meraj Khalid
(B) Moeen Qureshi
(C) Wasim Sajjad
(D) None of these
✅ Correct Answer: A. Malik Meraj Khalid
🔹 Explanation: Malik Meraj Khalid was appointed caretaker PM after Benazir’s dismissal.
14. When did Nawaz Sharif return to power for his second tenure?
(A) 1996
(B) 1997
(C) 1998
(D) 1999
✅ Correct Answer: B. 1997
🔹 Explanation: Nawaz won a landslide victory in the 1997 elections, starting his second term.
15. When did Pakistan conduct nuclear tests at Chagai?
(A) 1996
(B) 1997
(C) 1998
(D) 1999
✅ Correct Answer: C. 1998
🔹 Explanation: Pakistan carried out six nuclear tests on 28 May 1998 at Chagai, Balochistan, in response to India’s tests.
16. What was the name of Pakistan’s nuclear tests in 1998?
(A) Chagai-I
(B) Chashma-I
(C) Kahuta-I
(D) Shaheen-I
✅ Correct Answer: A. Chagai-I
🔹 Explanation: The first test on 28 May 1998 was code-named Chagai-I.
17. When did Kargil Conflict take place?
(A) 1997
(B) 1998
(C) 1999
(D) 2000
✅ Correct Answer: C. 1999
🔹 Explanation: The Kargil War between India and Pakistan took place in 1999, during Nawaz Sharif’s second tenure.
18. Who led the Kargil operation from Pakistan’s side?
(A) General Raheel Sharif
(B) General Musharraf
(C) General Asif Nawaz
(D) General Waheed Kakar
✅ Correct Answer: B. General Musharraf
🔹 Explanation: The Kargil operation was led by General Pervez Musharraf, then Army Chief.
19. When was Nawaz Sharif’s second government overthrown?
(A) October 1998
(B) October 1999
(C) December 1999
(D) None of these
✅ Correct Answer: B. October 1999
🔹 Explanation: On 12 October 1999, General Pervez Musharraf staged a coup, overthrowing Nawaz’s government.
20. What was the main reason given for the 1999 coup?
(A) Kargil War defeat
(B) Corruption and mismanagement
(C) Dismissal of General Musharraf
(D) All of these
✅ Correct Answer: D. All of these
🔹 Explanation: Nawaz Sharif’s government was accused of corruption, Kargil misadventure, and an attempt to dismiss General Musharraf, leading to the coup.